{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:59:15Z","timestamp":1768550355865,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]},"group-title":"Epidemiology","reference-count":0,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Importance: Differentials in COVID-19 incidence, hospitalization and mortality according to ethnicity are being reported but their origin is uncertain. \nObjective: We aimed to explain any ethnic differentials in COVID-19 hospitalization based on socioeconomic, lifestyle, mental and physical health factors.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study with national registry linkage to hospitalisation for COVID-19. \nSetting: Community-dwelling.\nParticipants: 340,966 men and women (mean age 56.2 (SD=8.1) years; 54.3% women) residing in England from the UK Biobank study.\nExposures: Ethnicity classified as White, Black, Asian, and Others. \nMain Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Cases of COVID-19 serious enough to warrant a hospital admission in England from 16-March-2020 to 26-April-2020.\nResults: There were 640 COVID-19 cases (571\/324,306 White, 31\/4,485 Black, 21\/5,732 Asian, 17\/5,803 Other). Compared to the White study members and after adjusting for age and sex, Black individuals had over a 4-fold increased risk of being hospitalised  (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: =4.32; 3.00-6.23), and there was a doubling of risk in the Asian group (2.12; 1.37, 3.28) and the Other non-white group (1.84; 1.13, 2.99). After controlling for 15 confounding factors which included neighbourhood deprivation, education, number in household, smoking, markers of body size, inflammation, and glycated haemoglobin, these effect estimates were attenuated by 33% for Blacks, 52% for Asians and 43% for Other, but remained raised for Blacks (2.66; 1.82, 3.91), Asian (1.43; 0.91, 2.26) and other non-white groups (1.41; 0.87, 2.31). \nConclusions and Relevance: Our findings show clear ethnic differences in risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 which do not appear to be fully explained by known explanatory factors. If replicated, our results have implications for health policy, including the targeting of prevention advice and vaccination coverage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.05.19.20106344","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T14:45:14Z","timestamp":1590504314000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ethnic Disparities in Hospitalization for COVID-19: a Community-Based Cohort Study in the UK"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9340-2708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Lassale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bamba","family":"Gaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catharine R","family":"Gale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G David","family":"Batty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2020.05.19.20106344","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T13:41:11Z","timestamp":1768484471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/medrxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2020.05.19.20106344"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.19.20106344","relation":{"is-preprint-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.074","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}