{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T18:59:51Z","timestamp":1768503591920,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":62,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  The increase in social acceptance and legalization of cannabis over the last several years is likely to increase the prevalence of its co-use with alcohol. In spite of this, the potential for effects unique to co-use of these drugs, especially in moderate doses, has been studied relatively infrequently. We addressed this in the current study using a laboratory rat model of voluntary drug intake. Periadolescent male and female Long-Evans rats were allowed to orally self-administer ethanol, \u0394\n                  <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                  -tetrahydrocannibinol (THC), both drugs, or their vehicle controls from postnatal day (P) 30 to P47. They were subsequently trained and tested on an instrumental behavior task that assesses attention, working memory and behavioral flexibility. Similar to previous work, consumption of THC reduced both ethanol and saccharin intake in both sexes. Blood samples taken 14h following the final self-administration session revealed that females had higher levels of the THC metabolite THC-COOH. There were modest effects of THC on our delayed matching to position (DMTP) task, with females exhibiting reduced performance compared to their control group or male, drug using counterparts. However, there were no significant effects of co-use of ethanol or THC on DMTP performance, and drug effects were also not apparent in the reversal learning phase of the task when non-matching to position was required as the correct response. These findings are consistent with other published studies in rodent models showing that use of these drugs in low to moderate doses does not significantly impact memory or behavioral flexibility following a protracted abstinence period.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.02.02.526698","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T04:15:13Z","timestamp":1675484113000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of combined use of alcohol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannibinol on working memory in Long Evans rats"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Lauren K.","family":"Carrica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chan Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis A.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brynn L.","family":"Noonan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linyuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare T.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather B.","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nu-Chu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3929-8791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Gulley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-019-5171-1","article-title":"Adolescent exposure to \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol delays acquisition of paired-associates learning in adulthood","volume":"236","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106212","article-title":"Trends in college students\u2019 alcohol, nicotine, prescription opioid and other drug use after recreational marijuana legalization: 2008-2018","volume":"102","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addictive behaviors"},{"key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.01.022"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00465-5","article-title":"Cannabis and synaptic reprogramming of the developing brain","volume":"22","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.02.012"},{"issue":"9-10","key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-017-4555-3","article-title":"Effects of early life stress and adolescent ethanol exposure on adult cognitive performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task in Wistar male rats","volume":"234","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.08.013"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2773","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-019-05255-7","article-title":"Effects in rats of adolescent exposure to cannabis smoke or THC on emotional behavior and cognitive function in adulthood","volume":"236","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023040413450620000_2023.02.02.526698v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.01.004","article-title":"Evaluation of chronic alcohol self-administration by a 3-bottle choice paradigm in adult male rats. 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