{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T19:13:08Z","timestamp":1768504388380,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]]},"group-title":"Genetics","reference-count":15,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Because human same-sex sexual behavior (SSB) is heritable and leads to fewer offspring, it is puzzling why SSB-associated alleles have not been selectively purged. Current evidence supports the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis that SSB-associated alleles benefit individuals exclusively performing opposite-sex sexual behavior by increasing their number of sexual partners and consequently their number of offspring. However, here we show that having more sexual partners no longer predicts more offspring since the availability of oral contraceptives in the 1960s and that SSB is now negatively genetically correlated with the number of offspring, indicating a loss of SSB\u2019s genetic maintenance in modern societies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.03.07.531528","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T20:30:28Z","timestamp":1678393828000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Contraception ends the genetic maintenance of human same-sex sexual behavior"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Siliang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aat7693","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat7693","article-title":"Large-scale GWAS reveals insights into the genetic architecture of samesex sexual behavior","volume":"365","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-008-9386-1"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2009.03.014"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-021-01168-8","article-title":"Genomic evidence consistent with antagonistic pleiotropy may help explain the evolutionary maintenance of same-sex sexual behaviour in humans","volume":"5","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606800113"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932006001441","article-title":"Polygyny, reproductive success and child health in rural Ethiopia: why marry a married man?","volume":"39","year":"2007","journal-title":"JBiosoc Sci"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2011.0478"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.07.040","article-title":"The coupon collection behavior in human reproduction","volume":"30","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deac011","article-title":"The changing tide of human fertility","volume":"37","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0032472031000146986"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0579-z"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3406"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhmas\/57.2.117"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2010.300013"},{"key":"2023031102302019000_2023.03.07.531528v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62035-8"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2023.03.07.531528","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T04:22:07Z","timestamp":1768450927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2023.03.07.531528"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2023.03.07.531528","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}