{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T01:38:57Z","timestamp":1772156337913,"version":"3.50.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"group-title":"Oncology","reference-count":40,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Limited information is available for patients with breast cancer (BC) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially among underrepresented racial\/ethnic populations.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is a COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) registry-based retrospective cohort study of females with active or history of BC and laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection diagnosed between March 2020 and June 2021 in the US. Primary outcome was COVID-19 severity measured on a five-level ordinal scale, including none of the following complications, hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression model identified characteristics associated with COVID-19 severity.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>1,383 female patient records with BC and COVID-19 were included in the analysis, the median age was 61 years, and median follow-up was 90 days. Multivariable analysis revealed higher odds of COVID-19 severity for older age (aOR per decade, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.32 \u2013 1.67]); Black patients (aOR 1.74; 95 CI 1.24-2.45), Asian Americans and Pacific Islander patients (aOR 3.40; 95 CI 1.70 \u2013 6.79) and Other (aOR 2.97; 95 CI 1.71-5.17) racial\/ethnic groups; worse ECOG performance status (ECOG PS \u22652: aOR, 7.78 [95% CI, 4.83 \u2013 12.5]); pre-existing cardiovascular (aOR, 2.26 [95% CI, 1.63 \u2013 3.15])\/pulmonary comorbidities (aOR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.20 \u2013 2.29]); diabetes mellitus (aOR, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.66 \u2013 3.04]); and active and progressing cancer (aOR, 12.5 [95% CI, 6.89 \u2013 22.6]). Hispanic ethnicity, timing and type of anti-cancer therapy modalities were not significantly associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. The total all-cause mortality and hospitalization rate for the entire cohort was 9% and 37%, respectively however, it varied according to the BC disease status.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using one of the largest registries on cancer and COVID-19, we identified patient and BC related factors associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, underrepresented racial\/ethnic patients experienced worse outcomes compared to Non-Hispanic White patients.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Funding<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study was partly supported by National Cancer Institute grant number P30 CA068485 to Tianyi Sun, Sanjay Mishra, Benjamin French, Jeremy L. Warner; P30-CA046592 to Christopher R. Friese; P30 CA023100 for Rana R McKay; P30-CA054174 for Pankil K. Shah and Dimpy P. Shah; and the American Cancer Society and Hope Foundation for Cancer Research (MRSG-16-152-01-CCE) and P30-CA054174 for Dimpy P. Shah. REDCap is developed and supported by Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research grant support (UL1 TR000445 from NCATS\/NIH). The funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Trial Number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    CCC19 registry is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov,\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT04354701\">NCT04354701<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.03.09.23287038","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T02:25:22Z","timestamp":1678760722000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Characteristics, Racial Inequities, and Outcomes in Patients with Breast Cancer and COVID-19: A COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) Cohort 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