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We introduce\n                  <jats:italic>Neurospectrum<\/jats:italic>\n                  , a framework that encodes neural activity as latent trajectories shaped by spatial and temporal structure. At each timepoint, signals are represented on a graph capturing spatial relationships, with a learnable attention mechanism highlighting important regions. These are embedded using graph wavelets and passed through a manifold-regularized autoencoder that preserves temporal geometry. The resulting latent trajectory is summarized using a principled set of descriptors - including curvature, path signatures, persistent homology, and recurrent networks -that capture multiscale geometric, topological, and dynamical features. These features drive downstream prediction in a modular, interpretable, and end-to-end trainable framework.\n                <\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>We evaluate Neurospectrum on simulated and experimental datasets. It tracks phase synchronization in Kuramoto simulations, reconstructs visual stimuli from calcium imaging, and identifies biomarkers of obsessive-compulsive disorder in fMRI. Across tasks, Neurospectrum uncovers meaningful neural dynamics and outperforms traditional analysis methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.03.22.533807","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T20:50:11Z","timestamp":1679691011000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Neurospectrum: A Geometric and Topological Deep Learning Framework for Uncovering Spatiotemporal Signatures in Neural Activity"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8068-3101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhananjay","family":"Bhaskar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1139-0756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanlei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7577-7127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1641-2101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4335-0302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bastian","family":"Rieck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7817-7445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Firas","family":"Khasawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9459-9493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Munch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9773-2790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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