{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:29:40Z","timestamp":1790778580357,"version":"4.1.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":102,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Within the thymus, regulation of the cellular cross-talk directing T cell development is dependent on spatial interactions within specialized niches. To create a holistic, spatially defined map of tissue niches guiding postnatal T cell development we employed the multidimensional imaging platform CO-detection by indEXing (CODEX), as well as CITE-seq and ATAC-seq. We generated age-matched 4\u20135-month-old postnatal thymus datasets for male and female donors, and identify significant sex differences in both T cell and thymus biology. We demonstrate a crucial role for JAG ligands in directing thymic-like dendritic cell development, reveal important functions of a novel population of ECM\n                  <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                  fibroblasts, and characterize the medullary niches surrounding Hassall\u2019s corpuscles. Together, these data represent a unique age-matched spatial multiomic resource to investigate how sex-based differences in thymus regulation and T cell development arise, and provide an essential resource to understand the mechanisms underlying immune function and dysfunction in males and females.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.04.13.536804","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T22:55:11Z","timestamp":1681685711000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sex biased human thymic architecture guides T cell development through spatially defined niches"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3982-5558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura N","family":"Stankiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Salim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A","family":"Flaschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5678-6485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M","family":"Edgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce ZB","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace C","family":"Bingham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew C","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross D","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen M","family":"Blau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J","family":"Rideout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan K","family":"Levings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9568-733X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter W","family":"Zandstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0368-2620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio MV","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2023041911102059000_2023.04.13.536804v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri913"},{"key":"2023041911102059000_2023.04.13.536804v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lavaert, M. , Valcke, B. , Vandekerckhove, B. , Leclercq, G. , Liang, K.L. , and Taghon, T . 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