{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T19:53:34Z","timestamp":1768506814270,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"group-title":"Synthetic Biology","reference-count":48,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                  mosquitoes pose a significant public health threat as vectors for a variety of diseases including West Nile virus and lymphatic filariasis, and transmit pathogens threatening livestock, companion animals, and endangered birds. Rampant insecticide resistance makes controlling these mosquitoes challenging and necessitates the development of new control strategies. Gene drive technologies have made significant progress in other mosquito species, although similar advances have been lagging in\n                  <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                  . Here we test the first CRISPR-based homing gene drive for\n                  <jats:italic>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic>\n                  , demonstrating the possibility of using this technology to control\n                  <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                  mosquitoes. Our results show that the inheritance of two split-gene-drive transgenes, targeting different loci, are biased in the presence of a Cas9-expressing transgene although with modest efficiencies. Our findings extend the list of disease vectors where engineered homing gene drives have been demonstrated to include\n                  <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                  alongside\n                  <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                  and\n                  <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                  , and pave the way for future development of these technologies to control\n                  <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                  mosquitoes.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.06.12.544656","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T10:45:36Z","timestamp":1686825936000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CRISPR-based gene drives generate super-Mendelian inheritance in the disease vector\n                  <i>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4006-7034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Harvey-Samuel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9534-0395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuechun","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5682-4719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily M.","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4827-6519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak-Kumar","family":"Purusothaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9500-6592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip T.","family":"Leftwich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2916-3802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke","family":"Alphey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2453-0711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentino M.","family":"Gantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2023061704500575000_2023.06.12.544656v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1191864"},{"key":"2023061704500575000_2023.06.12.544656v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naik, B. R. & Reddya Naik, B. Biological Control of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae), the Ubiquitous Vector for Lymphatic Filariasis: A Review. Lymphatic Filariasis 281\u2013292 Preprint at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-13-1391-2_22 (2018).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-1391-2_22"},{"key":"2023061704500575000_2023.06.12.544656v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.8042"},{"key":"2023061704500575000_2023.06.12.544656v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harvey-Samuel, T. et al. Culex quinquefasciatus: status as a threat to island avifauna and options for genetic control. CABI Agriculture and Bioscience vol. 2 Preprint at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s43170-021-00030-1 (2021).","DOI":"10.1186\/s43170-021-00030-1"},{"key":"2023061704500575000_2023.06.12.544656v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LaPointe, D. A. & Atkinson, C. T. Ecology and conservation biology of avian malaria. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 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