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To achieve this goal, we developed the ThermoMaze, which exploits the animal\u2019s natural warmth-seeking homeostatic behavior. By decreasing the floor temperature and selectively heating unmarked areas, mice avoid the aversive state by exploring the maze and finding the warm spot. In its design, the ThermoMaze is analogous to the widely used water maze but without the inconvenience of a wet environment and, therefore, allows the collection of physiological data in many trials. We combined the ThermoMaze with electrophysiology recording, and report that spiking activity of hippocampal CA1 neurons during sharp-wave ripple events encode the position of the animal. Thus, place-specific firing is not confined to locomotion and associated theta oscillations but persist during waking immobility and sleep at the same location. The ThermoMaze will allow for detailed studies of brain correlates of immobility, preparatory-consummatory transitions and open new options for studying behavior-mediated temperature homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.07.25.550518","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T04:50:14Z","timestamp":1690519814000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["ThermoMaze: A behavioral paradigm for readout of immobility-related brain events"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Mih\u00e1ly","family":"V\u00f6r\u00f6slakos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunchang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"McClain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Husz\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aryeh","family":"Rothstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy","family":"Buzs\u00e1ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-101222-110632"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2402575"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(69)90092-3"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-11-04007.1988"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1573-04.2004"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00005736"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3084"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-12-04701.1992"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-100219-105424"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4122-11.2012"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3410"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.97.2.631-638"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04913-9"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22956"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8036517"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav3932"},{"key":"2024051808050512000_2023.07.25.550518v2.17","first-page":"9","article-title":"Food and Water Restriction Protocols: Physiological and Behavioral Considerations","volume":"39","year":"2000","journal-title":"Contemp. 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