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Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of splenic CD4 T cells revealed not only of an enrichment of effector-like Tregs but also of activated CD4 T cells in the absence of H2-O. Our data support two concepts; a) lack of H2-O expression in the thymic medulla creates an environment permissive to Treg development and, b) that loss of H2-O drives increased basal auto-stimulation of CD4 T cells. These findings can help in better understanding of predispositions to autoimmunity and design of therapeutics for treatment of autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.08.14.553240","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T00:05:11Z","timestamp":1692230711000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["H2-O deficiency promotes regulatory T cell differentiation and CD4 T cell hyperactivity"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5822-0485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robin A.","family":"Welsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0788-6847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nianbin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4968-8304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chan-su","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6314-6881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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