{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T15:15:20Z","timestamp":1779376520331,"version":"3.53.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]]},"group-title":"Microbiology","reference-count":59,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Cryptosporidiosis is a major cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants from resource poor settings. The majority of infections are caused by the human-specific pathogen\n                  <jats:italic>C. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                  and absence of in vitro growth platforms has limited our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and development of effective treatments. To address this problem, we developed a stem cell-derived culture system for\n                  <jats:italic>C. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                  using human enterocytes differentiated under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions. Human ALI cultures supported robust growth and complete development of\n                  <jats:italic>C. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                  in vitro including all life cycle stages.\n                  <jats:italic>C. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                  infection induced a strong interferon response from enterocytes, likely driven by an endogenous dsRNA virus in the parasite. Prior infection with\n                  <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                  induced type III IFN secretion and consequently blunted infection with Rotavirus, including live attenuated vaccine strains. The development of hALI provides a platform for further studies on human-specific pathogens, including clinically important coinfections that may alter vaccine efficacy.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.08.30.555581","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T00:30:15Z","timestamp":1693441815000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<i>Cryptosporidium<\/i>\n                  infection of human small intestinal epithelial cells induces type III interferon and impairs infectivity of Rotavirus"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Valentin","family":"Greigert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iti","family":"Saraav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhee","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Dayao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avan","family":"Antia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saul","family":"Tzipori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William H.","family":"Witola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thaddeus S.","family":"Stappenbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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