{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T20:16:21Z","timestamp":1768508181866,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]]},"group-title":"Cell Biology","reference-count":75,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  The tubulin-containing cytoskeleton of the human parasite\n                  <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                  includes several distinct structures: the conoid, formed of 14 ribbon-like tubulin polymers, and the array of 22 cortical microtubules (MTs) rooted in the apical polar ring. Here we analyze the structure of developing daughter parasites using both 3D-SIM and expansion microscopy. Cortical MTs and the conoid start to develop almost simultaneously, but from distinct precursors near the centrioles. Cortical MTs are initiated in a fixed sequence, starting around the periphery of a short arc that extends to become a complete circle. The conoid also develops from an open arc into a full circle, with a fixed spatial relationship to the centrioles. The patterning of the MT array starts from a \u201cblueprint\u201d with \u223c 5-fold symmetry, switching to 22-fold rotational symmetry in the final product, revealing a major structural rearrangement during daughter growth. The number of MT is essentially invariant in the wild-type array, but is perturbed by the loss of some structural components of the apical polar ring. This study provides insights into the development of tubulin-containing structures that diverge from conventional models, insights that are critical for understanding the evolutionary paths leading to construction and divergence of cytoskeletal frameworks.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.11.03.565597","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T17:30:12Z","timestamp":1699205412000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The initiation and early development of the tubulin-containing cytoskeleton in the human parasite\n                  <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Luisa F.","family":"Arias Padilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9778-7337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.08.010"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1921245117"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.3","first-page":"e0286421","article-title":"Multivalent Interactions Drive the Toxoplasma AC9:AC10:ERK7 Complex To Concentrate ERK7 in the Apical Cap","volume":"13","year":"2021","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1995.11812940"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-11-28"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.10-0433"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70772-8"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.123364"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260088"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.73775"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0205721","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02057-21","article-title":"Revisiting the Role of Toxoplasma gondii ERK7 in the Maintenance and Stability of the Apical Complex","volume":"12","year":"2021","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1979.tb04639.x","article-title":"Ultrastructural study of schizogony of Eimeria bovis in cell cultures","volume":"26","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Protozoology"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2005.08.020"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001444"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3184"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0238-1"},{"key":"2023121303150736000_2023.11.03.565597v2.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(62)90137-2","article-title":"Electron microscope studies of motile stages of malaria parasites","volume":"56","year":"1962","journal-title":"III. 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