{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T20:30:35Z","timestamp":1768509035476,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"group-title":"Genomics","reference-count":79,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  The Percidae family comprises many fish species of major importance for aquaculture and fisheries. Based on three new chromosome-scale assemblies in\n                  <jats:italic>Perca fluviatilis<\/jats:italic>\n                  ,\n                  <jats:italic>Perca schrenkii<\/jats:italic>\n                  and\n                  <jats:italic>Sander vitreus<\/jats:italic>\n                  along with additional percid fish reference genomes, we provide an evolutionary and comparative genomic analysis of their sex-determination systems. We explored the fate of a duplicated anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type-2 gene (\n                  <jats:italic>amhr2bY<\/jats:italic>\n                  ), previously suggested to be the master sex determining (MSD) gene in\n                  <jats:italic>P. flavescens<\/jats:italic>\n                  . Phylogenetically related and structurally similar a\n                  <jats:italic>mhr2<\/jats:italic>\n                  duplications (\n                  <jats:italic>amhr2b<\/jats:italic>\n                  ) were found in\n                  <jats:italic>P. schrenkii<\/jats:italic>\n                  and\n                  <jats:italic>Sander lucioperca<\/jats:italic>\n                  , potentially dating this duplication event to their last common ancestor around 19-27 Mya. In\n                  <jats:italic>P. fluviatilis<\/jats:italic>\n                  and\n                  <jats:italic>S. vitreus<\/jats:italic>\n                  , this\n                  <jats:italic>amhr2b<\/jats:italic>\n                  duplicate has been lost while it was subject to amplification in\n                  <jats:italic>S. lucioperca<\/jats:italic>\n                  . Analyses of the\n                  <jats:italic>amhr2b<\/jats:italic>\n                  locus in\n                  <jats:italic>P. schrenkii<\/jats:italic>\n                  suggest that this duplication could be also male-specific as it is in\n                  <jats:italic>P. flavescens<\/jats:italic>\n                  . In\n                  <jats:italic>P. fluviatilis<\/jats:italic>\n                  , a relatively small (100 kb) non-recombinant sex-determining region (SDR) was characterized on chromosome-18 using population-genomics approaches. This SDR is characterized by many male-specific single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and no large duplication\/insertion event, suggesting that\n                  <jats:italic>P. fluviatilis<\/jats:italic>\n                  has a male heterogametic sex determination system (XX\/XY), generated by allelic diversification. This SDR contains six annotated genes, including three (\n                  <jats:italic>c18h1orf198<\/jats:italic>\n                  ,\n                  <jats:italic>hsdl1<\/jats:italic>\n                  ,\n                  <jats:italic>tbc1d32<\/jats:italic>\n                  ) with higher expression in testis than ovary. Together, our results provide a new example of the highly dynamic sex chromosome turnover in teleosts and provide new genomic resources for Percidae, including sex-genotyping tools for all three known\n                  <jats:italic>Perca<\/jats:italic>\n                  species.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.11.13.566804","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T14:35:26Z","timestamp":1700058926000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi-genome comparisons reveal gain-and-loss evolution of the\n                  <i>anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type 2<\/i>\n                  gene, an old master sex determining gene, in Percidae"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7623-9227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heiner","family":"Kuhl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1212-0435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter 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