{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T20:25:45Z","timestamp":1768508745955,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"group-title":"Developmental Biology","reference-count":47,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Germ cells are regulated by local microenvironments (niches), which secrete instructive cues. Conserved developmental signaling molecules act as niche-derived regulatory factors, yet other types of niche signals remain to be identified. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of sexual planarians revealed niche cells expressing a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (\n                  <jats:italic>nrps<\/jats:italic>\n                  ). Inhibiting\n                  <jats:italic>nrps<\/jats:italic>\n                  led to loss of female reproductive organs and testis hyperplasia. Mass spectrometry detected the dipeptide \u03b2-alanyl-tryptamine (BATT), which is associated with reproductive system development and requires\n                  <jats:italic>nrps<\/jats:italic>\n                  and a monoamine-transmitter-synthetic enzyme (AADC) for its production. Exogenous BATT rescued the reproductive defects after\n                  <jats:italic>nrps<\/jats:italic>\n                  or\n                  <jats:italic>aadc<\/jats:italic>\n                  inhibition, restoring fertility. Thus, a non-ribosomal, monoamine-derived peptide provided by niche cells acts as a critical signal to trigger planarian reproductive development. These findings reveal an unexpected function for monoamines in niche-germ cell signaling. Furthermore, given the recently reported role for BATT as a male-derived factor required for reproductive maturation of female schistosomes, these results have important implications for the evolution of parasitic flatworms and suggest a potential role for non-ribosomal peptides as signaling molecules in other organisms.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.12.06.570471","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T04:30:19Z","timestamp":1701923419000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A niche-derived non-ribosomal peptide triggers planarian sexual development"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2818-8389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Issigonis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine L.","family":"Browder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0793-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip A.","family":"Newmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2023120920051864000_2023.12.06.570471v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-7339(10)70086-2","article-title":"Serotonin and Development","volume":"21","year":"2010","journal-title":"Handb. 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