{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:16:18Z","timestamp":1768565778406,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"group-title":"Sports Medicine","reference-count":39,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine whether weekly oral vitamin D supplementation influences grip strength, explosive leg power, cardiorespiratory fitness or spirometric lung volumes in Mongolian schoolchildren.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in children aged 6-13 years at baseline attending 18 schools in Ulaanbaatar. The intervention was weekly oral doses of 14,000 IU vitamin D\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    (n=4418) or placebo (n=4433) for 3 years. Outcome measures were grip strength, standing long jump distance and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations (determined in all participants), peak oxygen uptake (VO\n                    <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                    , determined in a subset of 632 participants using 20-metre multi-stage shuttle run tests) and spirometric outcomes (determined in a subset of 1,343 participants).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    99.8% of participants had serum 25(OH)D concentrations &lt;75 nmol\/L at baseline, and mean end-study 25(OH)D concentrations in children randomised to vitamin D vs. placebo were 77.4 vs. 26.7 nmol\/L (mean difference 50.7 nmol\/L, 95% CI, 49.7 to 51.4). However, vitamin D supplementation did not influence mean grip strength, standing long jump distance, VO\n                    <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                    , spirometric lung volumes or peak expiratory flow rate, either overall or within sub-groups defined by sex, baseline 25(OH)D concentration &lt;25 vs. \u226525 nmol\/L or calcium intake &lt;500 vs. \u2265500 mg\/day.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A 3-year course of weekly oral supplementation with 14,000 IU vitamin D\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    elevated serum 25(OH)D concentrations in Mongolian schoolchildren with a high baseline prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. However, this intervention did not influence grip strength, explosive leg power, peak oxygen uptake or spirometric lung volumes, either overall or in sub-group analyses.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>KEY MESSAGES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>What is already known on this topic?<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Observational studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency associates with reduced muscle strength and peak oxygen uptake in children, but randomised controlled trials (RCT) of vitamin D supplementation to improve grip strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in this age-group have yielded conflicting results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>What this study adds<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This Phase 3 multicentre RCT of vitamin D supplementation, conducted in Mongolian schoolchildren with a high baseline prevalence of asymptomatic vitamin D deficiency, found that a 3-year course of weekly oral supplementation with 14,000 IU vitamin D\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    was effective in elevating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. However this intervention did not influence participants\u2019 grip strength, long jump distance, peak oxygen uptake, spirometric lung volumes or peak expiratory flow rate, either overall or in sub-group analyses.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>How this study might affect research, practice or policy<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Taken together with results from another Phase 3 randomised controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation conducted in South African children, our findings do not suggest a role for weekly oral vitamin D supplementation to enhance muscle strength, peak oxygen uptake or respiratory function in schoolchildren in whom rickets has been excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                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