{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:47:05Z","timestamp":1768567625403,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"group-title":"Epidemiology","reference-count":42,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous genetic and epidemiological studies have examined subpopulations from the Canadian Collaborative Project on Genetic Susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis (CCPGSMS) patient cohort, but an encompassing analysis of the study population has not yet been carried out.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study examines patterns of multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence in 13,663 cohort members, including 4,821 patients with MS or suspected MS and 8,842 family members.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We grouped participants into epidemiologic subgroups based on age of MS onset, clinical stage at diagnosis, symptom type at disease onset, sex, proband status, disability as measured by the EDSS, and ancestry based on reported ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We observed a 2.7:1 MS prevalence ratio of women to men, though disease severity was greater for male patients. Variation in the age of disease onset between patients was only slightly associated with sex and strongly associated with disease type. Specific types of clinical symptoms at disease onset were associated with the prognosis. Regional residence did not correlate with disease onset, type, or severity.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Population trends, as presented here, are not explained by environmental factors alone, highlighting the need for a comprehensive genetic analysis to understand disease variance across families.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.04.18.24305992","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T21:30:10Z","timestamp":1713562210000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Canadian Collaborative Project on Genetic Susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis cohort population structure and disease etiology"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Alison M.","family":"Pagalilauan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elif","family":"Everest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanna","family":"Rachimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex D.","family":"Waldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. Dessa","family":"Sadovnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carles","family":"Vilari\u00f1o-Guell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Lenardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1401483"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002469"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000094"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.16-6-s53"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.05.007","article-title":"Genetic background of multiple sclerosis","volume":"11","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211020221","article-title":"Genes and environment in multiple sclerosis: Impact of temporal changes in the sex ratio on recurrence risks","volume":"28","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135245852097084"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212676","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1212676","article-title":"Risk factors for multiple sclerosis in the context of Epstein-Barr virus infection","volume":"14","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab104","article-title":"The latitude gradient for multiple sclerosis prevalence is established in the early life course","volume":"144","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cf6ec0"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458505ms1192oa"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-216-44153A"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e24124"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512451942"},{"key":"2024042500401126000_2024.04.18.24305992v2.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gbaguidi B , Guillemin F , Soudant M , Debouverie M , Mathey G , Epstein J . 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