{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T21:22:32Z","timestamp":1768512152813,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]]},"group-title":"Physiology","reference-count":43,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects between 5-10% of all live births. Placental insufficiency is a leading cause of FGR, resulting in reduced nutrient and oxygen delivery to the fetus. Currently, there are no effective in utero treatment options for FGR, or placental insufficiency. We have developed a gene therapy to deliver, via a non-viral nanoparticle,\n                  <jats:italic>human insulin-like 1 growth factor<\/jats:italic>\n                  (\n                  <jats:italic>hIGF1<\/jats:italic>\n                  ) to the placenta as potential treatment of placenta insufficiency and FGR. Using a guinea pig maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) model of FGR, we aimed to understand the transcriptional changes within the placenta associated with placental insufficiency that occur prior to\/at initiation of FGR, and the impact of short-term\n                  <jats:italic>hIGF1<\/jats:italic>\n                  nanoparticle treatment. Using RNAsequencing, we analyzed protein coding genes of three experimental groups: Control and MNR dams receiving a sham treatment, and MNR dams receiving\n                  <jats:italic>hIGF1<\/jats:italic>\n                  nanoparticle treatment. Pathway enrichment analysis comparing differentially expressed genelists in sham-treated MNR placentas to Control revealed upregulation of pathways associated with degradation and repair of genetic information and downregulation of pathways associated with transmembrane transport. When compared to sham-treated MNR placentas, MNR +\n                  <jats:italic>hIGF1<\/jats:italic>\n                  placentas demonstrated changes to genelists associated with transmembrane transporter activity including ion, vitamin and solute carrier transport. Overall, this study identifies the key signaling and metabolic changes occurring in the placenta contributing to placental insufficiency prior to\/at initiation of FGR, and increases our understanding of the pathways that our nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy intervention regulates.\n                <\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Statements and Declarations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Competing Interests<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Authors declare no conflicts of interest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.06.05.597621","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]],"date-time":"2024-06-09T15:25:18Z","timestamp":1717946718000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mid-pregnancy placental transcriptome in a model of placental insufficiency with and without novel intervention"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3867-7784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baylea N.","family":"Davenport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen N.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4341-9"},{"key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-020-00475-2","article-title":"Intrauterine growth restriction and its associated factors in South Gondar zone hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019","volume":"78","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2020.10.005","article-title":"Intrauterine growth restriction: Clinical consequences on health and disease at adulthood","volume":"99","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reproductive Toxicology"},{"key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00055","article-title":"Neonatal Morbidities of Fetal Growth Restriction: Pathophysiology and Impact","volume":"10","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2020.02.006","article-title":"Nanoparticle mediated increased insulin-like growth factor 1 expression enhances human placenta syncytium function","volume":"93","year":"2020","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0140879","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140879","article-title":"Development of Non-Viral, Trophoblast-Specific Gene Delivery for Placental Therapy","volume":"10","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.7","unstructured":"Wilson, R.L. , et al., Nanoparticle-mediated transgene expression of <em>insulin-like growth factor 1<\/em> in the guinea pig placenta differentially affects fetal liver gene expression depending on maternal nutrient status. bioRxiv, 2021: p. 2021.06.24.449769."},{"key":"2024061112100964000_2024.06.05.597621v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davenport, B.N. , H.N. 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