{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T12:33:50Z","timestamp":1782736430683,"version":"3.54.5"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]]},"group-title":"Pharmacology and Toxicology","reference-count":56,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There has been limited research into arsenolipid toxicological risks and health-related outcomes due to challenges with their separation, identification, and quantification within complex biological matrices (e.g., fish, seaweed). Analytical approaches for arsenolipid identification such as suspect screening have not been well documented and there are no certified standard reference materials, leading to issues with reproducibility and uncertainty regarding the accuracy of results. In this study, a detailed workflow for the identification of arsenolipids utilizing suspect screening coupled with data independent analysis is presented and applied to three commercially available standard reference materials (Hijiki seaweed, dogfish liver, and tuna). Hexane and dichloromethane\/methanol extraction, followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Using the workflow developed, mass fragmentation matching, mass error calculations, and retention time matching were performed to identify suspect arsenolipids. Arseno-fatty acids (AsFAs), arsenohydrocarbons (AsHCs), and arsenosugar phospholipids (AsSugPLs) were identified with high confidence; AsHC332, AsHC360, and AsSugPL720 in seaweed, AsHC332 in tuna, and AsFA474 and AsFA502 in the dogfish liver. AsHC332, AsHC360, and AsFA502 were identified as promising candidates for further work on synthesis, quantification using MS\/MS, and toxicity testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.08.31.610588","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T14:00:17Z","timestamp":1725285617000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Suspect screening-data independent analysis workflow for the identification of arsenolipids in marine standard reference materials"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0249-0715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubhra","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4102-7210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Chacon-Teran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3738-4039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Findlater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8521-0490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stacey M.","family":"Louie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3767-2922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Bailoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9066-5377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amrika","family":"Deonarine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2024090413551158000_2024.08.31.610588v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2013.11.004","article-title":"Arsenolipids show different profiles in muscle tissues of four commercial fish species","volume":"28","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : orssgan of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)"},{"key":"2024090413551158000_2024.08.31.610588v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2010.03.054","article-title":"Detection of Arsenic-Containing Hydrocarbons in Canned Cod Liver Tissue","volume":"82","year":"2010","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024090413551158000_2024.08.31.610588v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.05.152","article-title":"Determination and identification of hydrophilic and hydrophobic arsenic species in methanol extract of fresh cod liver by RP-HPLC with simultaneous ICP-MS and ESI-Q-TOF-MS detection","volume":"141","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"2024090413551158000_2024.08.31.610588v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/EN11164"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024090413551158000_2024.08.31.610588v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1039\/C6JA00162A","article-title":"Arsenic containing medium and long chain fatty acids in marine fish oil identified as degradation products using reversed-phase HPLC-ICP-MS\/ESI-MS","volume":"31","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry"},{"key":"2024090413551158000_2024.08.31.610588v1.6","first-page":"4706","article-title":"Arsenic-containing hydrocarbons: natural compounds in oil from the fish capelin, Mallotus villosus","volume":"39","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. 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