{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T22:43:59Z","timestamp":1768517039139,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":47,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                  (Ct) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection globally, and a vaccine is urgently needed to stop transmission and disease. Chlamydial Protease Activity Factor (CPAF) is an immunoprevalent and immunodominant antigen for CD4 T cells and B cells, which makes it a strong vaccine candidate. Due to the tolerogenic nature of the female genital tract (FGT) and its lack of secondary lymphoid tissue, effective induction of protective cell-mediated immunity will likely require potent and safe mucosal adjuvants. To address this need, we produced CPAF in a cell-free protein synthesis platform and adjuvanted it with the TLR9-agonist CpG1826, STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist cyclic-di-AMP (CDA), and\/or the squalene oil-in-water nanoemulsion, AddaS03. We determined that intranasal immunization with CPAF plus CDA was well tolerated in female mice, induced CD4 T cells that produced IL-17A or IFN\u03b3, significantly reduced bacterial shedding, and shortened the duration of infection in mice intravaginally challenged with\n                  <jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>\n                  . These data demonstrate the potential for CDA as a mucosal adjuvant for vaccines against Chlamydia genital tract infection.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.09.20.614154","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T13:50:42Z","timestamp":1727185842000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intranasal immunization with CPAF combined with cyclic-di-AMP induces a memory CD4 T cell response and reduces bacterial burden following intravaginal infection with\n                  <i>Chlamydia muridarum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Taylor B.","family":"Poston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Girardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Zwarycz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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