{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T16:16:07Z","timestamp":1781194567938,"version":"3.54.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"group-title":"Endocrinology (including Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Disease)","reference-count":55,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder in women, often accompanied by various symptoms including significant pain, such as dysmenorrhea, abdominal, and pelvic pain, which remains underexplored. This retrospective study examines electronic health records (EHR) data to assess the prevalence of pain in women with PCOS. Conducted on January 2026, using data from 120 Health Care Organizations within the TriNetX Global Network, the study involved 103,675,738 women from diverse racial backgrounds. The analysis focused on the prevalence of pain among women with PCOS, both overall and in those prescribed PCOS-related medications. Relative risk ratios (RR) were calculated for future health outcomes and stratified by self-reported race. The study found that 20.67% of women with PCOS experienced pain, with the highest prevalence among Black or African American (32.70%) and White (30.78%) populations. Both the PCOS and PCOS and Pain cohorts exhibited increased RR for various health conditions, with significant differences noted across racial groups for infertility, ovarian cysts, obesity, and respiratory diseases. Additionally, women with PCOS who were treated with PCOS-related medications showed a decrease in pain diagnoses following treatment. In conclusion, this study highlights the critical need to address pain in the diagnosis and management of PCOS due to its significant impact on patient health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Impact Statement<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Insufficient data exist on the prevalence of pain in women with a PCOS diagnosis, and its associations with future health outcomes. Among, 597,638 women with PCOS in the TriNextX Global Network, 20.67% have dysmenorrhea, abdominal, and pelvic pain. Women with PCOS and Pain are at increased risk for developing ovarian cysts, infertility, T2D, and fatty liver disease and are at further risk when stratified by self-reported race groups.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.10.15.24315513","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T20:45:53Z","timestamp":1729111553000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Understanding Pain in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Health Risks and Treatment Effectiveness"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Tess","family":"Cherlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3458-3991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Strydesky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha","family":"Ottey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PCOS Challenge: The National Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Sherif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medicine College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5216-4670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shefali S.","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05951-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xfre.2022.12.002","article-title":"The polycystic ovary syndrome: the first 150 years of study","volume":"4","year":"2023","journal-title":"F&S Reports"},{"key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.09.016"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.4","first-page":"2434","article-title":"A prospective study of the prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected Caucasian women from Spain","volume":"85","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786"},{"key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-69912014000200006","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: implications of metabolic dysfunction","volume":"41","year":"2014","journal-title":"Revista do Col\u00e9gio Brasileiro de Cirurgi\u00f5es"},{"key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.57"},{"key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmw025"},{"key":"2026033013001231000_2024.10.15.24315513v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butt, A. 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