{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T22:44:23Z","timestamp":1768517063590,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":78,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which the production of pathogenic autoantibodies depends on T follicular helper (T\n                  <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                  ) cells. This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms by which inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) reduces the expansion of T\n                  <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                  cells and the associated autoantibody production in lupus-prone mice. Integrated cellular, transcriptomic, epigenetic and metabolic analyses showed that 2DG reversed the enhanced cell expansion and effector functions, as well as mitochondrial and lysosomal defects in lupus T\n                  <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                  cells, which include an increased chaperone-mediated autophagy induced by TLR7 activation. Importantly, adoptive transfer of 2DG-reprogrammed T\n                  <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                  cells protected lupus-prone mice from disease progression. Orthologs of genes responsive to 2DG in murine lupus T\n                  <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                  cells were overexpressed in the T\n                  <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                  cells of SLE patients, suggesting a therapeutic potential of targeting glycolysis to eliminate aberrant T\n                  <jats:sub>FH<\/jats:sub>\n                  cells and curb the production of autoantibodies inducing tissue damage.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.10.15.618563","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T06:25:15Z","timestamp":1729232715000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Glycolysis inhibition functionally reprograms T follicular helper cells and reverses lupus"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Elshikha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5967-3857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Chul","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuk Pheel","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William L.","family":"Clapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"Sobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mansour","family":"Mohamadzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Morel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.58"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.130062"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39020"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601687"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.106774"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12847"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa0835"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.08.017"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03187-x"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2022.03.008"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2024.103198"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06686-0"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24414"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adg6427"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.107122"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9943743"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2019.06.005"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.03.023"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604081200"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.04.023"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106239"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.02.005"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41532"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.09.021"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211110"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-00996-0"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20081386"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52617-7"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.09.013"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.08.017"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23449"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.107128"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-38809-y"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033221148099"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2005.00252.x"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.970906"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.034"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2200712"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.10.097"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2024.109915"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201605030"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.08.005"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1023"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-00636-4"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-015-0772-0"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aax2220"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104241"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-01669-2"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-015-0211-6"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-023-00692-2"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364028"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2017.1381804"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40575"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42540"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abj1249"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo4271"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI152345"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq0178"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adj7029"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1801150"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01793"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100356"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.1RI0121-066R"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2015.12.004"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.12.016"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/epi.11.109"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08830180490452576"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203794"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2019.10.009"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.07.020"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2021.1984656"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2023.02.004"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1017179"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3003"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.12.6670"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.914468"},{"key":"2024102208401058000_2024.10.15.618563v1.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14142825"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2024.10.15.618563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T07:17:20Z","timestamp":1768461440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2024.10.15.618563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"references-count":78,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2024.10.15.618563","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}