{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T01:31:48Z","timestamp":1781659908957,"version":"3.54.5"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"group-title":"Bioengineering","reference-count":53,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this study, we performed synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence (\u03bc-XRF) imaging of elements Zn and S, and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) coupled with \u03bc-XRF for identification of Zn and S species in the condylar zones of a rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Histologic localization of Zn and hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u03b1 (HIF-1\u03b1) were mapped using an optical microscope. These data were visually correlated with \u03bc-XRF and XANES data to provide insights into plausible biological S-species in Z-enriched condylar zones of a rat TMJ. Furthermore, \u03bc-XRF coupled with micro-X-ray diffraction (\u03bc-XRD) was used to underline Z-incorporated biological apatite in the subchondral bone and bone of the rat TMJ.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Results illustrated the potential dependence between biometal Zn and nonmetal S and their collective governance of cell and tissue functions in a zone-specific manner. Elemental Zn with organic and inorganic S-species at the cartilage-bone interface and transformation of plausible Zn-enriched mineralization kinetics of biological apatite from subchondral bone to condylar bone were ascertained using \u03bc-XRF-XANES and \u03bc-XRD. The coupled \u03bc-XRF-XANES complementing with \u03bc-XRD and immunohistology provided an informative view of S and Zn and their association with zone-specific biological pathways\n                  <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                  . Understanding the spatial distributions of the main S-species with redox-inert Zn in regions of cartilage, bone, and the interface is essential for further unlocking questions surrounding formation and resorption-related biomineralization pathways as related to osteoarthritis or genetically inherited diseases. Using these complementary techniques with microspectroscopic spatial information provided insights into the associations between biometal Zn and nonmetal S and a window into detecting the plausible early-stage diagnostic biomarkers for humans with TMJ osteoarthritis.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.11.11.623079","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T21:20:25Z","timestamp":1731619225000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sulfur-species in Zinc-specific Condylar Zones of a Rat Temporomandibular Joint"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2656-6876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobumichi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Bone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita P.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2024111610350778000_2024.11.11.623079v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2009.04.025"},{"key":"2024111610350778000_2024.11.11.623079v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47162\/RJME.63.1.06"},{"key":"2024111610350778000_2024.11.11.623079v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2800825"},{"key":"2024111610350778000_2024.11.11.623079v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melou C , Pellen-Mussi P , Jeanne S , Novella A , Tricot-Doleux S , Chauvel-Lebret D. 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