{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:08:49Z","timestamp":1768568929529,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"group-title":"Otolaryngology","reference-count":91,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigated the relationships between the cochlear nerve (CN) health and sentence-level speech perception outcomes measured in quiet and noise in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant (CI) users.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Study participants included 28 postlingually deafened adult CI users with a Cochlear\u00ae Nucleus\u2122 device. For each participant, only one ear was tested. Neural health of the CN was assessed at three or four electrode locations across the electrode array using two parameters derived from results of the electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP). One parameter was the phase locking value (PLV) which estimated neural synchrony in the CN. The other parameter was the sensitivity of the eCAP amplitude growth function (AGF) slope to changes in the interphase gap (IPG) of biphasic electrical pulses (i.e., the IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Speech perception was tested using AzBio sentences in both quiet and a ten-talker babble background noise with +5 dB and +10 dB signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    and PLV values were averaged across electrodes for each subject, both with and without weighting by the frequency importance function (FIF) of the AzBio sentences. Pearson and Spearman correlations were used to assess the pairwise relationships between the IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    , the PLV, and age. Multiple linear regression models with AzBio score as the outcome and the PLV and the IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    as predictors were used to evaluate the associations between the three variables while controlling for age.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    and the PLV demonstrated different patterns with regards to their relationships with electrode location, age, and speech perception. The PLV, but not the IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    , differed significantly across electrodes, where the apical electrodes had larger PLVs (better neural synchrony) than the basal electrodes. The IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    , but not the PLV, was significantly correlated with participant\u2019s age, where smaller IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    values (poorer spiral ganglion neuron density) were associated with more advanced age. The PLV, but not the IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    , was significantly associated with AzBio scores in the +5 dB SNR condition, where larger PLVs predicted better speech perception. Neither the PLV nor the IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    was significantly associated with AzBio score in quiet or in the +10 dB SNR condition. The result patterns remained the same regardless of whether the mean values of the IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    and the PLV were weighted by the AzBio FIF. The result patterns generally did not change with fitting methods or input\/output scales of the AGF slopes.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The IPGE\n                    <jats:sub>slope<\/jats:sub>\n                    and the PLV quantify different aspects of CN health. The positive association between the PLV and AzBio scores in the +5 dB SNR condition suggests that neural synchrony is important for speech perception in adult CI users in challenging listening conditions with a relatively high noise level. The lack of association between age and the PLV indicates that reduced neural synchrony in the CN is unlikely the primary factor accounting for the greater deficits in understanding speech in noise observed in older CI users, as compared to middle-aged CI users.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.11.16.24317332","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T15:15:11Z","timestamp":1731942911000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The relationships between cochlear nerve health and AzBio sentence scores in quiet and noise in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant users"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2508-4448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zi","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob J.","family":"Oleson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian C.","family":"Bruce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 H.","family":"Gifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuman","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bates, D. , M\u00e4chler, M. , Bolker, B. , et al. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J. Stat. Softw., 67.","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3718","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4967298","article-title":"Band importance functions of listeners with cochlear implants using clinical maps","volume":"140","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2006.06.003"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-020-00774-z"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.399716"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.347","article-title":"Otopathology in CHARGE syndrome","volume":"5","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig. Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200604000-00005"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998211008911","article-title":"Otopathologic Abnormalities in CHARGE Syndrome","volume":"166","year":"2022","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Neck Surg"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2020.108037","article-title":"Unravelling the temporal properties of human eCAPs through an iterative deconvolution model","volume":"395","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hear. Res"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001279"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glueckert, R. , Rask-Andersen, H., Sergi, C., et al. (2010). Histology and synchrotron radiation- based microtomography of the inner ear in a molecularly confirmed case of CHARGE syndrome. Am. J. Med. Genet. A., 152A, 665\u2013673.","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.33321"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Gonzalez, S.G . (2019). Myelination of the auditory nerve: Functions and pathology. Sci. J. Res. Rev., 1.","DOI":"10.33552\/SJRR.2019.01.000513"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940211100503","article-title":"Temporal bone histopathology in CHARGE association","volume":"111","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1747-21.2021"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(84)90094-7"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000467","article-title":"Responsiveness of the electrically stimulated cochlear nerve in children with cochlear nerve deficiency","volume":"39","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001502","article-title":"Peripheral neural synchrony in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant users","volume":"45","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/Aud.0000000000001289"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00339"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000815","article-title":"The effect of interphase gap on neural response of the electrically stimulated cochlear nerve in children with cochlear nerve deficiency and children with normal-sized cochlear nerves","volume":"41","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001362","article-title":"Relationships between the auditory nerve\u2019s ability to recover from neural adaptation, cortical encoding of and perceptual sensitivity to within- channel temporal gaps in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant users","volume":"44","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4770246","article-title":"Band importance for sentences and words reexamined","volume":"133","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599868","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.599868","article-title":"Dendritic degeneration of human auditory nerve fibers and its impact on the spiking pattern under regular conditions and during cochlear implant stimulation","volume":"14","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1983.tb31662.x"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2012.01.010","article-title":"Temporal response properties of the auditory nerve: Data from human cochlear-implant recipients","volume":"285","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hear. Res"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23312165211014137","DOI":"10.1177\/23312165211014137","article-title":"Amplitude growth functions of auditory nerve responses to electric pulse stimulation with varied interphase gaps in cochlear implant users with ipsilateral residual hearing","volume":"25","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3477","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4921601","article-title":"Working memory training to improve speech perception in noise across languages","volume":"137","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000827","article-title":"Electrophysiological estimates of the electrode\u2013neuron interface differ between younger and older listeners with cochlear implants","volume":"41","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000844","article-title":"Identifying cochlear implant channels with relatively poor electrode-neuron interfaces using the electrically evoked compound action potential","volume":"41","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.31","unstructured":"JASP Team (2024). JASP. Available at: https:\/\/jasp-stats.org."},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(99)00186-0"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.33","unstructured":"Kandel, E.R . (2002). Disease of the motor unit. In E. R. Kandel, J. H. Schwartz, T. M. Jessell (Eds.), Principles of Neural Science 4th ed. (pp. 695\u2013703). McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division."},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3389-12.2013"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181ec1d92","article-title":"The relationship between electrically evoked compound action potential and speech perception: A study in cochlear implant users with short electrode array","volume":"31","year":"2010","journal-title":"Otol. Neurotol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2024.3410686","article-title":"A computational model of the electrically or acoustically evoked compound action potential in cochlear implant users with residual hearing","volume":"71","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101620010004"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2022.108443"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.05.022"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuznetsova, A. , Brockhoff, P.B. , Christensen, R.H.B . (2017). lmerTest package: Tests in linear mixed effects models. J. Stat. Softw., 82.","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3416","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5014056","article-title":"Derivation of frequency importance functions for the AzBio sentences","volume":"142","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.42","unstructured":"Lenth, R.V. (2024). emmeans: Estimated marginal means, aka least-squares means. Available at: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/emmeans\/index.html."},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1515228112"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-011-0283-2"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1322021","article-title":"Channel weights for speech recognition in cochlear implant users","volume":"109","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940211101201","article-title":"Analysis of spiral ganglion cell populations in children with normal and pathological ears","volume":"111","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(97)70178-5"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(90)90101-T"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200111000-00013"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000202312.31837.25"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2024.109024","article-title":"Delayed hearing loss after cochlear implantation: Re-evaluating the role of hair cell degeneration","volume":"447","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hear. Res"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2015.07.010","article-title":"Insertion trauma and recovery of function after cochlear implantation: Evidence from objective functional measures","volume":"330","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hear. Res"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2006.03.006"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.54","unstructured":"R Core Team (2024). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Available at: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-013-0440-x"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rask-Andersen, H. , Liu, W. , Linthicum, F. (2010). Ganglion cell and \u2018dendrite\u2019 populations in electric acoustic stimulation ears. In P. Van De Heyning & A. Kleine Punte, eds. Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. (pp. 14\u201327). S. Karger AG.","DOI":"10.1159\/000262593"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23676","article-title":"Differential cochlear implant outcomes in older adults","volume":"123","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Laryngoscope"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2019.107809","article-title":"Changes over time in the electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) interphase gap (IPG) effect following cochlear implantation in Guinea pigs","volume":"383","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hear. Res"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0002882"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-020-00749-0","article-title":"Effects of electrode location on estimates of neural health in humans with cochlear implants","volume":"21","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schvartz-Leyzac, K.C. , McClaskey, C.M. , Dias, J.W. , et al. (2025). Contributions of auditory nerve density and synchrony to speech understanding in older cochlear implant users. J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-025-00984-3"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2016.08.002"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000490","article-title":"Assessing the relationship between the electrically evoked compound action potential and speech recognition abilities in bilateral cochlear implant recipients","volume":"39","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(03)00074-1"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2013.04.007"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000443","article-title":"Within-subject comparison of word recognition and spiral ganglion cell count in bilateral cochlear implant recipients","volume":"35","year":"2014","journal-title":"Otol. Neurotol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001389"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001084","article-title":"A broadly applicable method for characterizing the slope of the electrically evoked compound action potential amplitude growth function","volume":"43","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_AJA-15-0023","article-title":"Frequency importance functions in quiet and noise for adults with cochlear implants","volume":"24","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Audiol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_AJA-13-0066"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e31822c2549"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Starr, A. , Zeng, F.G. , Michalewski, H.J ., et al. (2008). Perspectives on auditory neuropathy: disorders of inner hair cell, auditory nerve, and their synapse. In The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference. (pp. 397\u2013412). Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012370880-9.00033-5"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-023-00924-z","article-title":"Insights into electrophysiological metrics of cochlear health in cochlear implant users using a computational model","volume":"25","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1955.181.3.639","article-title":"New measurements of the capacity and the resistance of the myelin sheath and the nodal membrane of the isolated frog nerve fiber","volume":"181","year":"1955","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e268","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000417","article-title":"Relationship between peripheral and psychophysical measures of amplitude modulation detection in cochlear implant users","volume":"38","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.76","first-page":"225","article-title":"Physiological properties of the electrically stimulated auditory nerve","volume":"14","year":"1984","journal-title":"II. Single fiber recordings. Hear. Res"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410330202"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4895702","article-title":"Relationship among the physiologic channel interactions, spectral-ripple discrimination, and vowel identification in cochlear implant users","volume":"136","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948609500509","article-title":"Auditory and temporal bone abnormalities in CHARGE association","volume":"95","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0937-20.2020"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-023-00909-y","article-title":"Neural degeneration in normal-aging human cochleas: Machine-learning counts and 3D mapping in archival sections","volume":"24","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2018.07.053"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3238-20.2021"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331216519886688","DOI":"10.1177\/2331216519886688","article-title":"Age-related temporal processing deficits in word segments in adult cochlear-implant users","volume":"23","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Hear"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034500"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"027201","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0009383","article-title":"Interpreting the interphase gap effect on the electrically evoked compound action potential","volume":"2","year":"2022","journal-title":"JASA Express Lett"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051381","article-title":"Listening in noise remains a significant challenge for cochlear implant users: evidence from early deafened and those with progressive hearing loss compared to peers with normal hearing","volume":"9","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2023.1125712"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/108471380400800102"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00985.2004"},{"key":"2025050103250790000_2024.11.16.24317332v2.91","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. , Kipping, D. , Nogueira, W. (2024). Evaluating electrophysiological and behavioral measures of neural health in cochlear implant users: a computational simulation study. Available at: https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2409.14767 [Accessed March 3, 2025]."}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2024.11.16.24317332","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T20:20:28Z","timestamp":1768508428000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/medrxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2024.11.16.24317332"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"references-count":91,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2024.11.16.24317332","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}