{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T05:50:02Z","timestamp":1782280202331,"version":"3.54.5"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":111,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Multiple sources innervate the visual thalamus to influence image-forming vision prior to the cortex, yet it remains unclear how non-retinal and retinal input coordinate to shape thalamic visual selectivity. Using dual-color two-photon calcium imaging in the thalamus of awake mice, we observed similar coarse-scale retinotopic organization between axons of superior colliculus neurons and retinal ganglion cells, both providing strong converging excitatory input to thalamic neurons. At a fine scale of \u223c10 \u00b5m, collicular boutons often shared visual feature preferences with nearby retinal boutons. Inhibiting collicular input significantly suppressed visual responses in thalamic neurons and specifically reduced motion selectivity in neurons preferring nasal-to-temporal motion. The reduction in motion selectivity could be the result of silencing sharply tuned direction-selective colliculogeniculate input. These findings suggest that the thalamus is not merely a relay but selectively integrates inputs from multiple regions to build stimulus selectivity and shape the information transmitted to the cortex.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>HIGHLIGHTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:list list-type=\"simple\">\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Chronic dual-color calcium imaging reveals diverse visual tuning of collicular axonal boutons.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Nearby collicular and retinal boutons often share feature preferences at \u223c10 \u00b5m scale<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Silencing of collicular input suppresses visual responses in the majority of thalamic neurons.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Silencing of collicular input reduces motion selectivity in thalamic neurons.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                  <\/jats:list>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.01.08.631826","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T04:25:14Z","timestamp":1736396714000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Coordination of distinct sources of excitatory inputs enhances motion selectivity in the mouse visual 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