{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:23:55Z","timestamp":1785435835716,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":36,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["F31 5F31DC020132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 5F31DC020132"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04mhx6838","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01 GM130842-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 GM130842-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04q48ey07","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  All animals with bilateral symmetry must integrate the sensory input from the left and right sides of their bodies to make coherent perceptual decisions. In the\n                  <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                  larva, olfactory receptor neurons project largely ipsilaterally, providing a tractable system for asking where and how interhemispheric integration arises downstream. We combined volumetric calcium imaging with unilateral sensory perturbations, connectomic analysis, and optogenetic manipulations to trace the propagation of left\u2013right olfactory information across successive layers of the olfactory system. This approach implicates the mushroom body (MB) as a key substrate for interhemispheric integration of odor representations. Kenyon cell (KC) odor responses were almost entirely ipsilateral, indicating minimal functional coupling between the two MBs at the input level. In contrast, modulatory neurons (MBINs) exhibited highly symmetric responses to unilateral stimulation, suggesting that reinforcement signals are broadly shared across hemispheres. Nevertheless, odor responses in some MB output neurons (MBONs), up to 5 synapses downstream from the sensory periphery, preserve information about stimulus laterality. Moreover, we show that asymmetric activation of these MBONs can modulate the animal\u2019s turning behavior in a side-biased manner. Finally, we provide direct evidence that larvae can exploit instantaneous spatial comparisons for navigation in certain sensory contexts. These findings suggest that the deeply lateralized architecture of the larval olfactory system balances the need for interhemispheric integration with the advantages of parallel sensory processing.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.03.02.641007","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T14:05:13Z","timestamp":1740924313000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The larval\n                  <i>Drosophila<\/i>\n                  mushroom body balances lateralized sensing and interhemispheric integration"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8344-7072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David M.","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biophysics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University"},{"name":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University"},{"name":"Center for Brain Science, Harvard University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6165-7696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin L.","family":"de Bivort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University"},{"name":"Center for Brain Science, Harvard University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-8720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aravinthan D. T.","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University"},{"name":"Center for Brain Science, Harvard University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.48.10.1765"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81238-6"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10103"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1122096"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14178"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17643"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2219340120"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0206-5"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.05.004"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ENEURO.0070\u201321.2021","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0070-21.2021","article-title":"Functional relevance of dual olfactory bulbs in olfactory coding","volume":"8","year":"2021","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ENEURO.0155\u201324.2024","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0155-24.2024","article-title":"Bilateral Alignment of Receptive Fields in the Olfactory Cortex","volume":"11","year":"2024","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11747"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.14859"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23455"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.11.003"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06013-8"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.23789"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0607-9"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.add9330"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.12.030"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03130-1"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.62567"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.11.016"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2031"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.06694"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.06225"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2010.00006"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1853"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03520-5"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00612013"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05423-4"},{"key":"2026041111515239000_2025.03.02.641007v3.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. 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