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Here we demonstrate that human and rodent rods undergo a minute and rapid contraction of their outer segments immediately upon photoisomerization. The contraction is explained as an electro-mechanical manifestation of the rod early receptor potential generated in the disk membranes, which is challenging to access in electrophysiology. The bleach-strength dependence of the contraction was accounted by a voltage-dependent membrane tension model, developed earlier to explain a similar behavior in cones. The\n                  <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                  optical imaging of light-evoked electrical activity in rodent rods was facilitated by an ultrahigh-resolution point-scan optical coherence tomography (OCT) system coupled with unsupervised learning, while in humans, an adaptive optics line-scan OCT facilitated high-speed recordings in individual rods. The non-invasive\n                  <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                  optical imaging of rhodopsin activation will have a significant impact on diagnostics and treatment of retinal disease, especially given the vulnerability of rods in inherited and age-related macular degeneration.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.03.22.644466","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T03:17:12Z","timestamp":1742959032000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Optoretinography reveals rapid rod photoreceptor movement upon photoisomerization"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Huakun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor 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