{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:21:25Z","timestamp":1768569685175,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"group-title":"Epidemiology","reference-count":22,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Atopic eczema may be associated with multiple health conditions. Here, we systematically explored risks across the full health spectrum based on the International Classification of Diseases, assessing associations between eczema and 2,058 ICD-10 codes, 1,593 phecodes, and 201 Global Burden of Disease codes.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>In English primary care electronic health records (1997\u22122023) we identified cohorts of people with eczema (up to 3 million) and compared to matched comparators (individuals without eczema (by age, sex, general practice) (up to 14 million). In up to 25 years of follow-up, we captured outcomes recorded during hospital admissions.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>People with eczema had higher rates of several outcomes across multiple organ systems. Among those followed up from eczema diagnosis in childhood, atopic\/allergic conditions and infections accounted for most excess diagnoses. Besides skin and atopic\/allergic outcomes, lymphomas, coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel conditions, and specific eye diseases had particularly large relative risk increases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.03.24.25324470","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T18:41:07Z","timestamp":1742841667000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mapping risks of hospital-recorded health conditions in people with eczema"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3291-2381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Matthewman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1637-837X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Schultze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5364-8757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishnan","family":"Bhaskaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9612-7791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spiros","family":"Denaxas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2551-410X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn E","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7022-7441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sin\u00e9ad M","family":"Langan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.01.009"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31286-1","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9573","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54035-1","article-title":"Cohort studies on 71 outcomes among people with atopic eczema in UK primary care data","volume":"15","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14325","DOI":"10.2196\/14325","article-title":"Mapping ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM Codes to Phecodes: Workflow Development and Initial Evaluation","volume":"7","year":"2019","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.5","unstructured":"WHO. WHO Methods and Data Sources for Global Burden of Disease Estimates 2000-2019. https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/gho-documents\/global-health-estimates\/ghe2019_daly-methods.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz034"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.5334\/egems.243","article-title":"Illustrating Informed Presence Bias in Electronic Health Records Data: How Patient Interactions with a Health System Can Impact Inference","volume":"5","year":"2017","journal-title":"eGEMs"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21866","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26357-x","article-title":"Novel multimorbidity clusters in people with eczema and asthma: a population-based cluster analysis","volume":"12","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02675.x"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33391","DOI":"10.2196\/33391","article-title":"Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review","volume":"5","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Dermatol"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13320"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555924447","article-title":"Diagnostic Features of Atopic Dermatitis","volume":"60","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.1948","article-title":"Association Between Atopic Eczema and Cancer in England and Denmark","volume":"156","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.10.033","article-title":"Allergic disease, corticosteroid use, and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: A United Kingdom nationwide case-control study","volume":"145","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.21704","article-title":"Occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease in patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases: a cohort study*","volume":"187","year":"2022","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2023.2875","article-title":"Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis","volume":"159","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatology"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.17","unstructured":"Differential diagnosis | Diagnosis | Psoriasis | CKS | NICE. https:\/\/cks.nice.org.uk\/topics\/psoriasis\/diagnosis\/differential-diagnosis\/."},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"adv00264","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3629","article-title":"Management of Ocular Manifestations of Atopic Dermatitis: A Consensus Meeting Using a Modified Delphi Process","volume":"100","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.03.029"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv225"},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.21","unstructured":"Denaxas, S. spiros\/phemap. https:\/\/github.com\/spiros\/phemap (2025)."},{"key":"2025032611301103000_2025.03.24.25324470v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.02959"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.03.24.25324470","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T20:32:08Z","timestamp":1768509128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/medrxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.03.24.25324470"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"references-count":22,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.03.24.25324470","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}