{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:49:21Z","timestamp":1785408561526,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":29,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["NSF\/BCS-1946039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF\/BCS-1946039"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/021nxhr62","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NIMH 5 T32 MH103213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIMH 5 T32 MH103213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common type of traumatic brain injury. Symptoms following mTBI fall into physical, emotional, sleep, and cognitive categories, with memory deficits being a commonly documented sequelae. Whereas many animal models of mTBI exist, relatively few studies have examined the cognitive deficits of mTBI with human-like cognitive tasks. The Wayne State University Closed Head Weight Drop Model recapitulates critical physical elements of sport-related concussions and trauma-based mTBI. However, until now, this model has not previously been evaluated using a human-like memory task. Rats were trained in an odor-based item-in-context task that dissociates episodic and non-episodic memory (Panoz-Brown et al., Current Biology, 2016). The animals then underwent either a weight drop or a sham procedure. After the manipulation, animals were assessed in the item-in-context task. Episodic memory was significantly impaired in the injured rats by over 10% but not in the sham rats. Non-episodic memory was not impaired in either group. Additionally, a time-course immunohistochemical analysis of the hippocampus was performed to examine possible time-dependent changes in ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (iba1), a marker of activated microglia\/macrophages and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astrocytes. Concussion injury was associated with time-dependent morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia in injured rats compared to sham rats. This study is the first to document episodic memory impairment in an animal model of mTBI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.04.28.651041","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T02:15:11Z","timestamp":1746238511000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IMPAIRS EPISODIC MEMORY IN RATS"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Gabriel D.","family":"Nah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mira N.","family":"Antonopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0941-6435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea G.","family":"Hohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Port","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathon D.","family":"Crystal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2005.01.019"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.10.017"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2017.1380228"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2008.09.009"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/xan0000294"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2006.09.005"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2349"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(01)00365-5"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12953"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24472"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24145"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2020104464"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101824"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0405-6"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.01.049"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/59585"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn320"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0945"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22078"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.08.023"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.04.006"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(02)70778-1"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.08.008"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-019-09536-8"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0619-8"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135114"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1063(1998)8:3<198::AID-HIPO2>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5295-04.2005"},{"key":"2026041206315251000_2025.04.28.651041v1.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-00549-2"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.04.28.651041","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T13:32:00Z","timestamp":1776000720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.04.28.651041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.04.28.651041","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}