{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T18:28:36Z","timestamp":1780424916628,"version":"3.54.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":42,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Long-term potentiation (LTP) induces presynaptic bouton enlargement and a reduction in the number of synaptic vesicles. To understand the relationship between these events, we performed 3D analysis of serial section electron micrographs in rat hippocampal area CA1, 2 hours after LTP induction. We observed a high vesicle packing density in control boutons, contrasting with a lower density in most LTP boutons. Notably, the summed membrane area of the vesicles lost in low-density LTP boutons is comparable to the surface membrane required for the observed bouton enlargement when compared to high-density control boutons. These novel findings suggest that presynaptic vesicle density provides a new structural indicator of LTP that supports a local mechanism of bouton enlargement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.04.29.651313","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T05:10:12Z","timestamp":1746076212000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Presynaptic vesicles supply membrane for axonal bouton enlargement during LTP"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5125-652X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"LM","family":"Kirk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2227-2483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"GC","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1352-6827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"DC","family":"Hanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1566-7734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K","family":"Zatyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2598-0052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T","family":"Bartol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0622-7391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"TJ","family":"Sejnowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92037"},{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1943-4744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"KM","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010274"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2119-18.2018"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aar6889"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.11.024"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP286983"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03600-4"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2023989118"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20768"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1607541114"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.12248"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23384"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11068-008-9030-y"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.226688"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2015.46"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10825"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(95)00142-S"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a011536"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1158-19.2019"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.01.051"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1773-07.2007"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2939-15.2016"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.108.1.111"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112688108"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3973-13.2014"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12809"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1445-08.2008"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.273110"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-23-10399.2002"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406960101"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3394"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(74)85947-3"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002088"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2018.07.018"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40055-1"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03977-3"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202208005"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.05.011"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-080317-062155"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.2005.01466.x"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2001.0080001"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.04.21.649793"},{"key":"2026041206295710000_2025.04.29.651313v2.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bartol, T. M. et al. Computational reconstitution of spine calcium transients from individual proteins. Front. Synaptic Neurosci. 7, (2015).","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2015.00017"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.04.29.651313","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T13:30:04Z","timestamp":1776000604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.04.29.651313"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"references-count":42,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.04.29.651313","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}