{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T05:48:25Z","timestamp":1782280105408,"version":"3.54.5"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":52,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  The ligand dependent transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an environmental sensor whose activation can have physiologically beneficial or detrimental consequences for host immune responses depending on the ligand. Here we investigated the hypothesis that prolonged AHR activation either due to inefficient ligand metabolism or due to genetic manipulation may underlie the distinction between beneficial and detrimental effects. Our data indicate that prolonged AHR activation caused toxic endpoints for liver and thymus but was not per se interfering with the host response to infection with the intestinal pathogen\n                  <jats:italic>C.rodentium<\/jats:italic>\n                  . Genetically driven constitutive AHR activation improved resistance to infection, whereas prolonged AHR activation by the pollutant TCDD resulted in delayed clearance of\n                  <jats:italic>C.rodentium<\/jats:italic>\n                  associated with a suppression in antibody production. Combined single cell RNAseq and ATAC-seq analysis provided evidence that TCDD, but not genetic AHR activation, negatively affected dendritic cell functions such as activation, maturation and antigen presentation. Thus, the detrimental impact of environmental pollutants such as TCDD on immune responses cannot solely be attributed to aberrantly prolonged activation of AHR.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.05.28.656570","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T13:05:15Z","timestamp":1748783115000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beneficial and detrimental consequences of AHR activation in intestinal infection"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7622-7832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar E.","family":"Diaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gainesville, FL, USA, 32608"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Barrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Lindqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederike","family":"Graelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology and Environment, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1637-654X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Wincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8781-336X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brigitta","family":"Stockinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401244"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747113"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.152706299"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-0163"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfq063"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.08.024"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/EuJMI.1.2011.4.7"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2004.08.005"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)08271-6"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.21.9543"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.06.015"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20197-4"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.1.433"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2021.07.003"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3383"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.16","first-page":"15 25 11","article-title":"Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice","volume":"104","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Immunol"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2011.01.020"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diny NL , Schonfeldova B , Shapiro M , Winder ML , Varsani-Brown S , Stockinger B (2022) The aryl hydrocarbon receptor contributes to tissue adaptation of intestinal eosinophils in mice. J Exp Med 219","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20210970"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/immunohorizons.1900004"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)08040-7"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2024.101963"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(02)00070-4"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cotox.2017.02.003"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2024.117010"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100936"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.106.032748"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.04.001"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(01)00179-5"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-00836-7"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.09.015"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.6.3315-3324.2004"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00099-24"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.07.010"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2008.10.028"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.22.040182.002505"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2006.08.006"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161122"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21080"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202350385"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-013-0390-8"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202149658"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00430-8"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12652"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9119"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9122"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft255"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M808321200"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad312"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.10.114"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.006"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.labinv.2022.100012"},{"key":"2026041200282797000_2025.05.28.656570v1.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.02.003"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.05.28.656570","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T04:57:13Z","timestamp":1782277033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.05.28.656570"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"references-count":52,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.05.28.656570","relation":{"is-preprint-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.26508\/lsa.202503414","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}