{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T01:10:40Z","timestamp":1788829840043,"version":"build-2803163510"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":79,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common herpesvirus that establishes lifelong latency and becomes increasingly prevalent with age. We systematically characterized CMV-associated immune remodeling by analyzing six human cohorts (two newly built) using single-cell RNA sequencing, T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, and flow cytometry. Beyond the well-known expansion of CD4\u207a\/CD8\u207a TEMRA, adaptive NK, and \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, CMV(+) adults exhibited increased frequencies of GZMK\u207a CD8\u207a T cells and atypical B cells, alongside a reduction of CD56\n                  <jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup>\n                  NK cells. Longitudinal profiling of an individual who seroconverted revealed rapid CMV-driven shifts in circulating immune cell frequencies. Single-cell TCR data analyzed using a large database of CMV-associated clones combined with predictive modelling (CMVerify), identified novel CMV-specific clonal expansions reproduced across two independent cohorts. In the CD8\u207a lineage, CMV-specific clones were enriched in GZMK\u207a CD8\u207a and CD8\u207a TEMRA cells, while in the CD4\u207a lineage, Th1 cells showed clonal expansion alongside CD4\u207a TEMRA cells. This integrative study revealed how latent CMV alters the cellular and clonal landscape, defining GZMK\u207a CD8\u207a and Th1 cells as newly recognized elements of response to CMV in humans.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.06.24.661167","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T22:45:17Z","timestamp":1751064317000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["CMV-specific clonal expansion of Th1, GZMK\u207a CD8\u207a, and TEMRA T cells revealed by human PBMC single cell profiling"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3512-9862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Titas","family":"Grabauskas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine; Farmington, CT 06030, USA"},{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine; Farmington, CT 06030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Trinity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine; 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