{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T08:43:56Z","timestamp":1789461836447,"version":"build-2803163510"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":163,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["ZonMW-TOP BECAUSE (91216064)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZonMW-TOP BECAUSE (91216064)"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04jsz6e67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["ZonMW-PSIDER Brainmodel (10250022110003)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZonMW-PSIDER Brainmodel (10250022110003)"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04jsz6e67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["(NWA) NewTDec (1160.18.200)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(NWA) NewTDec (1160.18.200)"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04jsz6e67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["(NWO 024.004.012)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(NWO 024.004.012)"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04jsz6e67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["ZonMW-OPEN (9120232310098)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZonMW-OPEN (9120232310098)"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04jsz6e67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) present a powerful approach to study human brain physiology and disease, yet robust, pure GABAergic induction has remained difficult. Here we present improved, single-step, transposon-based GABAergic induction with Ascl1\/Dlx2, which yields, unlike lentiviral approaches, exclusively GABAergic neurons and was validated across three independent iPSC lines. Co-seeding with Ngn2-induced excitatory neurons created stable networks of predefined excitation\/inhibition ratios, with corresponding synapse ratios. Proteomic and electrophysiological characterization at different developmental time points showed that the single-step induced GABAergic neurons gain a proteomic profile that maps to different cortical interneuron subtypes and display typical GABAergic synaptic properties, producing large, synchronous and picrotoxin-sensitive currents. During early development, synaptic strength increased threefold, which was accompanied by an increase in expression of proteins exclusively enriched for presynaptic SYNGO terms. Synaptic strength continued to increase during late development but with only minor proteomic changes. Taken together, transposon-based GABAergic induction yields exclusively mature GABAergic neurons suitable for studying genes involved in synaptic maturation and to build excitation\/inhibition networks for disease modelling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.06.30.662293","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T05:45:23Z","timestamp":1751607923000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["One-step induction of human GABAergic neurons promotes presynaptic development &amp; synapse maturation"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3071-957X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torben W.","family":"van Voorst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2108-7163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maaike A.","family":"van Boven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3383-0057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin I.","family":"Marinus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2912-554X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Col\u00f3n-Mercado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8314-5579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jule","family":"Schretzmeir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5359-7846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolin","family":"Haag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9900-4233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruud F.","family":"Toonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4973-5732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Koopmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5296-8051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael E.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2286-1587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"August B.","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9592-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald E.","family":"van Kesteren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6085-7503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthijs","family":"Verhage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9425-2935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. Niels","family":"Cornelisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2017.19"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbr031"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2276-18.2019"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-183x.2003.00037.x"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.07.025"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1162844"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.07.033"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.03.005"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0426-0"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.04.005"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.106","article-title":"Directed differentiation of forebrain GABA interneurons from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature protocols"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.04.008"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.10.033"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01117-x"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4291"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e3281900f01"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2022.11.005"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07844"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.04.007"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1755"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2020.100038"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2021.102240"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1674"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12676"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0026"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.05.017"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028674"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv019"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.2.575"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2014.07.006"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.04.059"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90075-6"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.04.058"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2022.11.004"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2018.11.019"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abo0924"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03465-8"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm1741"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2014.05.020"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf6812"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00016"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.514695"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.78.5.2280"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.05.002"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06454-5"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2630-18.2019"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00371"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13062-023-00372-y"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3350-08.2008"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00425.x"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.1.121"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020675"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2025.1588894"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01270-x"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.141"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2019.108548"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-024-01592-9"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.110877"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1323793111"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-024-00320-x"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6276007"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0634"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2024.195063"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.21.13497-13508.2005"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx601"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.08.006"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.58124"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202205129"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14664"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adn6121"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5582-06.2007"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.01.057"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.06.070"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.12.1161"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/lifemedi\/lnad041"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.70031"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.07.006"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.04.066"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.04.059"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0971-23.2024"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2023.05.004"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41259-1"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-021-00851-1"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178533"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00009-X"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09986"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501881102"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-19-07351.1997"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/267120"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-16-06105.2001"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.01.032"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.22.1.389"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0302-05.2005"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.03.009"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022531411717"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.09.060"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-07294-z"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13365"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.442616"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1011824108"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12352"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-07294-z"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9164-8"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7872"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2014.11.008"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.113004"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1411170112"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37137-0"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.171603"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22536"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.03.008"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-04779-1"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2021.03.004"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2370"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.09.003"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.10.006"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19058"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3827-12.2012"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2020.00009"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202103052"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.09.040"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.113331"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13248"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6423"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.07.009"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29710"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.138"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.06.020"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2012.05.007"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.135697"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1458-21.2022"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.674199"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106996200"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80782-5"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1209881110"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2021.705664"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2021.634875"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101271"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.55639"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.09.012"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0231-0"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-2921860\/v1"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-080317-061725"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02444-5"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf119"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddae035"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.12.011"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12091242"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0638-x"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.2c00513"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.TIR119.001646"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06454-5"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.05.002"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31492-0"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0638-x"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.156","unstructured":"Huson, V. , and Cornelisse, L.N. (2019). viewEPSC."},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.08.038","article-title":"Merits and limitations of vesicle pool models in view of heterogeneous populations of synaptic vesicles","volume":"87","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac504689z"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2022.100279"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01387-8"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.161","unstructured":"Team, R. (2020). RStudio: Integrated Development for R (PBC, Boston, MA)."},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickham, H . (2016). ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis (Springer International Publishing).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4_9"},{"key":"2025120210450881000_2025.06.30.662293v3.163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae1011"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.06.30.662293","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:03:25Z","timestamp":1768467805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1101\/2025.06.30.662293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"references-count":163,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.06.30.662293","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}