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In adults, a dynamic resting-state fMRI model of trait rumination was recently identified through predictive modelling. In adolescents, a development period during which rumination and depression increase, the neurobiological correlates of ruminative thinking are less clear. In the current preregistered study, we examine dynamic connectivity correlates of self-reported rumination in the largest sample of adolescents to date (\n                  <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  = 443, containing clinical and non-clinical individuals). Notably, the adult model failed to generalize to our sample. In addition, linear models trained on default-mode network (DMN) connectivity, as well as whole-brain connectome models, failed to generalize to held-out data. In an exploratory random forest analysis, we found significant prediction performance of a model where increased variability between DMN-cerebellum, DMN-dorsal attention network, and DMN-DMN connections was nominally associated with higher rumination. However, the model did not generalize to an external sample with lower rumination scores and a distinct scanner protocol. Our findings illustrate the difficulty of characterizing the neurodevelopment of risk factors for depression.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.08.29.673124","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T20:10:29Z","timestamp":1756930229000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Limited generalizability of dynamic fMRI correlates of adolescent rumination"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7802-6145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac N.","family":"Treves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madelynn S.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamaal","family":"Spence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Jaffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Pidvirny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna O.","family":"Tierney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6707-0028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron K.","family":"Kucyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.E.","family":"Gabrieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randy P.","family":"Auerbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025090619300518000_2025.08.29.673124v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/cpsp.12038","article-title":"What, me worry and ruminate about DSM 5 and RDoC? 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