{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T19:39:53Z","timestamp":1789501193487,"version":"build-2803163510"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"group-title":"Epidemiology","reference-count":64,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Over 100,000 people were exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water in Antofagasta, Chile from 1958-1970. Individuals born during this high exposure period have elevated rates of cancer, lung and cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. However, the mechanisms of long-term arsenic toxicity remain unclear. We investigated whether early-life arsenic exposure was associated with altered glucocorticoid levels in adulthood. This study included 114 individuals born in Antofagasta during the high exposure period and 118 individuals born elsewhere.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>Arsenic exposure metrics were constructed based on residential histories and included: concentration at birth, peak and highest 5-year average between ages 0-10 years, and highest lifetime 5-year average, and lifetime cumulative exposure. Morning plasma cortisol concentrations were measured using a cell-based bioassay. Individuals in the highest quartile of highest lifetime 5-year average of arsenic exposure had approximately 11% lower mean log cortisol levels than those in the lowest quartile of exposure (\u03b2 = -0.116; 95% CI: -0.229, -0.003). In sex-stratified analyses, associations were stronger among females. For example, females in the highest quartile of cumulative exposure had 22.0% lower cortisol levels compared to those in the lowest quartile (\u03b2 = -0.248; 95% CI: -0.444, -0.053) and the test for interaction by sex was statistically significant (p = 0.036). This study is the first to show that early-life arsenic exposure may have lasting effects on cortisol. These findings highlight endocrine disruption as a mechanism contributing to long-term health effects of early arsenic exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.09.01.25334887","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:05:19Z","timestamp":1756857919000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long-Term Effect of Early-Life Arsenic Exposure on Morning Plasma Cortisol in Adults from Antofagasta, Chile"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-8388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemarie","family":"de la Rosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2697-843X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig","family":"Steinmaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1138-0937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Nardone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Acevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6331-5534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catterina","family":"Ferreccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1451-6377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martyn T.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4305-2049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fenna C. 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