{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:40:04Z","timestamp":1768570804706,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"group-title":"Dermatology","reference-count":25,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous murine studies have implicated acid sphingomyelinase-(aSMase) generated subcellular microvesicle particles (MVP) in photosensitivity. Objective: The current double-blinded placebo-controlled studies examined if a single localized ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) treatment generated more MVP in human subjects with self-identified photosensitivity versus normal controls. A topical 4% formulation of the aSMase inhibitor imipramine applied immediately after UVB blocked the MVP release and erythema responses. Erythema responses at 24 and 72 h in response to multiple UVB fluences and minimal erythema doses (MED) at 24 h and effects of imipramine were also tested.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Small cohorts of 10 adult self-identified photosensitive subjects and 10 controls were enrolled in these pilot studies which revealed increased levels of skin MVP in UVB-treated photosensitive subjects over controls which correlated with MED values. Moreover, post-UVB application of imipramine blunted UVB-induced MVP responses as well as tended to diminish erythema levels at 4 h but not at 24- or 72 h in photosensitive patients.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Though limited by low numbers of self-identified subjects, these pilot studies provide some support for the hypothesis that MVP could be involved in multiple types of human photosensitivity responses and suggest aSMase inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.09.24.25336388","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T20:10:18Z","timestamp":1759263018000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Possible involvement of keratinocyte-derived microvesicle particles in human photosensitivity disorders"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7039-860X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Risha","family":"Annamraju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5531-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madison S.","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1967-418X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Thyagarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9107-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle A.","family":"Corbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0844-3207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine 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