{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:40:58Z","timestamp":1768570858750,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]},"group-title":"Pathology","reference-count":24,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Arachnoid granulations (AG) enlarge with age, yet limited studies evaluate AG in neurodegeneration. Here, we investigate associations of AG morphology with Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Macroscopic AG properties were systematically evaluated along dorsal postmortem brain specimens from older adults (n=882). Regression models were used to analyze their associations with AD neuropathologic indices, controlling for demographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants died at mean age of 90.62 (SD=6.98) years. \u03b2-amyloid (Odds ratio\/OR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.66-0.95]) and neurofibrillary tangles (OR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.71-0.98]) inversely associated with global AG count. Similarly, \u03b2-amyloid (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.65-0.92]) and B (Braak) score (OR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.66-0.96]) inversely associated with global AG patch count.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u03b2-amyloid and tau pathology are associated with AG morphologies. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underlying these associations across disease stage and demographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.09.30.25336940","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T19:45:22Z","timestamp":1759434322000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Arachnoid Granulation Morphologies Associate with \u03b2-Amyloid and Tau Pathology in Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Rashi I.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aubrey","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire E.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Gebczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa L.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rupal I.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70235"},{"key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156720512801322627"},{"key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000219668.47116.e6"},{"key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S161","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-179939","article-title":"Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project","volume":"64","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1993.78.3.0515","article-title":"Antonio Pacchioni (1665-1726): early studies of the dura mater","volume":"78","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.6","unstructured":"CBTRUS: Statistical Report: Primary Brain Tumors in the United States, 1998\u20132002 Chicago, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, 2005."},{"key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000188281.91351.B9"},{"key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.09.022"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.9","first-page":"648","article-title":"Effects of pressure gradient changes on the morphology of arachnoid villi and granulations of the monkey","volume":"28","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025100420301137000_2025.09.30.25336940v1.10","first-page":"169","article-title":"Arachnoid granulations of the sheep","volume":"30","year":"1974","journal-title":"Structural and ultrastructural changes with varying pressure differences. 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