{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:28:13Z","timestamp":1785407293342,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":56,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["K08 NS099425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 NS099425"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01 NS130038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS130038"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["T35 HL166206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T35 HL166206"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Neurons that produce NPS send output to brain regions implicated in circadian function and threat responses, but less is known about the afferent control of NPS neurons. In this study, we used a conventional retrograde tracer, cholera toxin beta subunit (CTb), to identify afferents to the rostral-lateral parabrachial region that contains the main concentration of NPS neurons. We then used Cre-dependent rabies retrograde tracing in\n                  <jats:italic>Nps<\/jats:italic>\n                  -2A-Cre mice to identify inputs specifically to NPS neurons.\n                  <jats:italic>Nps<\/jats:italic>\n                  -expressing neurons receive heavy input from auditory brainstem structures, including the inferior colliculus, nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, superior olivary complex, and cochlear nucleus. These findings suggest an unexpected role for auditory information in controlling the activity of NPS neurons.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.10.08.681223","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T21:30:11Z","timestamp":1760045411000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["NPS neurons receive extensive input from auditory brainstem nuclei"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5874-3734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9956-4006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel C.","family":"Geerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2015.00126"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1277-17.2017"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.11.018"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17204-5"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19970707)383:3<245::AID-CNE1>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3729-14.2015"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903260207"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00020-Q"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22606"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.109"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.81"},{"key":"2025102102150560000_2025.10.08.681223v2.12","unstructured":"Dong, H. 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