{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:56:08Z","timestamp":1768571768194,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"group-title":"Addiction Medicine","reference-count":45,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Harmful alcohol use is widespread in Tanzania, yet specialized resources to address this remain limited. This case series explores outcomes of three individuals who received a culturally-adapted brief intervention to reduce harmful alcohol use in an emergency department in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The PPKAY intervention is a 15-minute nurse-delivered motivational interview for adults with acute (&lt;\u25a124\u25a1h) injuries, with an Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) of 8 or above or self-reported drinking alcohol within 6 hours of injury. The primary outcome was participants\u2019 experience of the intervention. Secondary outcomes included number of binge drinking days in the prior month; depression, measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); and alcohol-related consequences, measured by the Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC). All outcomes were reported from baseline and at 3-month timepoints. Experience with the intervention was assessed with open-ended questions at a three-month post-intervention survey.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants reported fewer binge drinking days, improved self-efficacy in managing triggers, reduced alcohol-related consequences, remission of depression, and strengthened interpersonal relationships. These were corroborated by significantly lower AUDIT, PHQ-9, and DrInC scores. One participant was not able to meet his drinking reduction target, accompanied by an avoidance of discussing interpersonal consequences of alcohol.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings underscore the importance of integrated and targeted early screening and intervention in resource-limited emergency care settings. The narratives emphasize how a brief negotiational intervention can equip individuals with practical strategies to minimize harmful alcohol consumption. Further research is recommended to validate these outcomes in larger cohorts and diverse settings.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.10.09.25337396","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T15:50:25Z","timestamp":1760457025000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact and experience of a culturally adapted brief intervention for harmful alcohol use in an emergency care setting (PPKAY: Punguza Pombe Kwa Afya Yako): A case series"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0927-1678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim","family":"Madundo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anaelderrick","family":"Kimaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8547-0719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3627-6733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Minja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Msafiri","family":"Pesambili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3243-0520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vitor Perez","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7910-8237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Andongolile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7276-0402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Ricardo Nickenig","family":"Vissoci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5550-1916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blandina T.","family":"Mmbaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6468-2894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Staton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025101601450566000_2025.10.09.25337396v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2012.01291.x"},{"key":"2025101601450566000_2025.10.09.25337396v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00915521221111460"},{"key":"2025101601450566000_2025.10.09.25337396v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000939"},{"key":"2025101601450566000_2025.10.09.25337396v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18772\/26180197.2023.v5n3a9"},{"key":"2025101601450566000_2025.10.09.25337396v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14040346"},{"key":"2025101601450566000_2025.10.09.25337396v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15613"},{"key":"2025101601450566000_2025.10.09.25337396v1.7","unstructured":"Hammer, J. 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