{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:52:32Z","timestamp":1785433952042,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]]},"group-title":"Pathology","reference-count":35,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["Advancing Discovery to Market"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Advancing Discovery to Market"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0034eay46","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LRP"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LRP"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Vertebrate animal models of Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) have been developed. Here, we characterized the gait kinematics and muscle function of a naturally occurring BMD pig model of dystrophin insufficiency. BMD pigs tended to have alterations in hip range of motion (ROM): hip (67%, 95% CI -0.64 to 14.12 degrees). While parameters were unaltered in extensor muscles, the dystrophin levels in flexor tibiotarsal joint muscles correlated with fatigue index as well as reduced isometric force (48%, 95% CI -1.86 to -0.61 N-m), and a 33% increase in fatigue index (95% CI -36.25 to 96.71 percent); the extensor muscles had no observable reductions in muscle force, with a 48% increase in fatigue index (95% CI -232.6 to 472.6 percent). Histological analysis of muscle biopsies supported a BMD phenotype in the flexor muscles of BMD pigs, with a 75% (95% CI -55.14 to -15.66 percent) decrease in large and a 43% (95% CI 17.74 to 57.38 percent) increase in small muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Dystrophin protein abundance was 28% less in flexor muscles from BMD pigs (95% CI -49.63 to 11.41 arbitrary units). Together, our model may serve as a clinically relevant model of BMD to assess safety and efficacy of therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.10.10.681620","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T06:55:11Z","timestamp":1760252111000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characterization of Gait Kinematics and Muscle Function in Becker Muscular Dystrophy Pigs: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9790-705X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron B.","family":"Morton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9940-8497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob A.","family":"Kendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4932-6027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shadi","family":"Golpasandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Macie","family":"Mackey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haley","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor","family":"Hendrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8665-531X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuanting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3064-2384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoe E.","family":"Kiefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Yentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4950-2258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason W.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3797-7539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua T.","family":"Selsby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5845-6447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolaas E. P.","family":"Deutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8796-8123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter P.","family":"Nghiem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr291"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32439","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32439","article-title":"Functional changes in Becker muscular dystrophy: implications for clinical trials in dystrophinopathies","volume":"6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70084","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.70084","article-title":"Reduced Muscle Force in Dystrophic DMD\u039452 Pigs Is Incompletely Restored by Systemic Transcript Reframing (DMD\u039451\u201352)","volume":"16","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Muscle"},{"key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7050"},{"key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00858726"},{"key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.1.1"},{"key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/22143602251355318"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2019.0272","article-title":"Pharmacological Mitigation of Fibrosis in a Porcine Model of Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury","volume":"26","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"2025103003150465000_2025.10.10.681620v2.9","unstructured":"Darras, B. , Urion, D. , & Ghosh, P . 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(2025). Time Release Ion Matrix Regenerates Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle. 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