{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T17:45:49Z","timestamp":1770918349008,"version":"3.50.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"group-title":"Infectious Diseases (except HIV\/AIDS)","reference-count":16,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) screening often relies on cross-sectional symptom assessment. To determine the added value of longitudinal symptom monitoring, we conducted a prospective cohort study among 2,282 incarcerated men in Brazil. Every four months, participants were assessed for symptoms and incident TB (Xpert or culture positive). Compared to remaining asymptomatic, developing symptoms was associated with higher TB risk (aRR 2.31; 95% CI 1.55-3.43), strongest among those with prior radiographic abnormalities (aRR 2.49; 95% CI 1.56-3.97), while remaining symptomatic was not associated (aRR 1.27; 95% CI 0.72-2.24). Longitudinal symptom monitoring may enhance TB screening in high-risk settings, particularly in complement with radiography.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>GENERAL SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In an active case-finding program for TB, developing new symptoms was associated with over double the TB risk, while persistent symptoms were not. Monitoring symptom changes longitudinally, especially combined with chest radiography, may improve TB case detection in high-risk settings.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.10.26.25338759","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:11:05Z","timestamp":1761696665000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal symptom transitions predict incident tuberculosis risk in serial active case finding"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5073-8749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1410-7461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Victor Bortolotto","family":"Bampi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2443-4538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra Moura","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7964-712X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiran E.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"},{"name":"Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut"},{"name":"Yale Law School, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0723-6142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Henrique","family":"Tsuha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0962-0348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Argita D.","family":"Salindri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea da","family":"Silva Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto Dias","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil"},{"name":"State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6665-6825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"Croda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil"},{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande, Brazil"},{"name":"Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5967-251X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason R.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026021209001958000_2025.10.26.25338759v2.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2024. https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-programme-on-tuberculosis-and-lung-health\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2024 (2024)."},{"key":"2026021209001958000_2025.10.26.25338759v2.2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis. Module 2: Screening - Systematic Screening for Tuberculosis Disease. (2021)."},{"key":"2026021209001958000_2025.10.26.25338759v2.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202006-2394PP"},{"key":"2026021209001958000_2025.10.26.25338759v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30039-6","article-title":"Screening for tuberculosis: time to move beyond symptoms","volume":"7","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med"},{"key":"2026021209001958000_2025.10.26.25338759v2.5","unstructured":"CDC. Clinical Symptoms of Tuberculosis. 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