{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:17:06Z","timestamp":1785435426986,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"group-title":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","reference-count":50,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["AG065172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG065172"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001d55x84","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  While the laboratory mouse is one of the most studied organisms on the planet, comparative research on the spatial and social structures of closely related\n                  <jats:italic>Mus<\/jats:italic>\n                  species remains limited. Here, we characterize the spatial, circadian, and social behavior of the Sikkim mouse (\n                  <jats:italic>Mus pahari<\/jats:italic>\n                  ) wild-derived inbred strain PAH\/Eij in comparison to the laboratory mouse strain C57BL\/6J (\n                  <jats:italic>Mus musculus domesticus<\/jats:italic>\n                  , shortened to \u2018B6\u2019). Using a common garden approach, we monitored mice in replicate mixed-sex group social behavior trials within an indoor mesocosm using radiofrequency identification (RFID) antennae.\n                  <jats:italic>M. pahari<\/jats:italic>\n                  exhibited markedly reduced spatial exploration and highly stereotyped circadian activity that was strongly coupled to the dark phase of the light-dark cycle compared to B6 mice. Most strikingly,\n                  <jats:italic>M. pahari<\/jats:italic>\n                  displayed distinctive social behaviors characterized by strong male-male gregariousness and enhanced overall social tolerance, contrasting sharply with the relatively less social nature of B6 mice. These results demonstrate the genetic influence on social organization within the\n                  <jats:italic>Mus<\/jats:italic>\n                  genus and identify unique socio-spatial phenotypes in\n                  <jats:italic>M. pahari<\/jats:italic>\n                  , highlighting the considerable potential of this strain and species as a novel model for social behavior research.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.11.13.688123","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T08:55:17Z","timestamp":1763110517000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Sikkim mouse (\n                  <i>Mus pahari<\/i>\n                  ) exhibits distinct spatial, circadian, and social behaviors compared to laboratory mice"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9315-3775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caleb C.","family":"Vogt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3949-7873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2025111708451349000_2025.11.13.688123v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson, E. O. Sociobiology: The New Synthesis, Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Edition. (Harvard University Press, 2000).","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvjnrttd"},{"key":"2025111708451349000_2025.11.13.688123v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rubenstein, D. R. & Abbot, P. Comparative Social Evolution. (Cambridge University Press, 2017).","DOI":"10.1017\/9781107338319"},{"key":"2025111708451349000_2025.11.13.688123v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krause, J. & Ruxton, G. D. Living in Groups. 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