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The differentiation of cells in a clone is influenced by extracellular signals: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA, -AB, and -BB) supports neuronal differentiation. In contrast, ciliary neurotrophic factor and thyroid hormone T3 act instructively on stem cells to generate clones of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, respectively. Adult stem cells had remarkably similar responses to these growth factors. These results support a simple model in which transient exposure to extrinsic factors acting through known pathways initiates fate decisions by multipotential CNS stem cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.10.24.3129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,5]],"date-time":"2007-06-05T21:15:46Z","timestamp":1181078146000},"page":"3129-3140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":965,"title":["Single factors direct the differentiation of stem cells from the fetal and adult central nervous system."],"prefix":"10.1101","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"K K","family":"Johe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T G","family":"Hazel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M M","family":"Dugich-Djordjevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R D","family":"McKay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"246","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901240303"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901370404"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90305-0"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.5.1097","article-title":"A novel role for thyroid hormone, glucocorticoids and retinoic acid in timing oligodendrocyte development.","volume":"120","year":"1994","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90279-8"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.1.514"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90007-1"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90335-D"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90035-7"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/372263a0"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8390097"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.121.4.1151","article-title":"Regulation of regional differences in the differentiation of cerebral cortical neurons by EGF family-matrix interactions.","volume":"121","year":"1995","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.121.3.803","article-title":"Striatal precursors adopt cortical identities in response to local cues.","volume":"121","year":"1995","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.18.030195.001111"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.1.458"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01076.x"},{"key":"2021111418414546000_10.24.3129.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-03-01091.1996","article-title":"Multipotential stem cells from the adult mouse brain proliferate and self-renew in response to basic fibroblast growth factor.","volume":"16","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. 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