{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T04:02:48Z","timestamp":1768536168966,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","issue":"24","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Dev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>General mechanisms by which Hox genes establish cell fates are known. However, a few Hox effectors mediating cell behaviors have been identified. Here we found the first effector of LIN-39\/HoxD4\/Dfd in<jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>. In specific vulval precursor cells (VPCs), LIN-39 represses early and late expression of EFF-1, a membrane protein essential for cell fusion. Repression of <jats:italic>eff-1<\/jats:italic> is also achieved by the activity of CEH-20\/Exd\/Pbx, a known cofactor of Hox proteins. Unfused VPCs in <jats:italic>lin-39(\u2212);eff-1(\u2212)<\/jats:italic> double mutants fail to divide but migrate, executing vulval fates. Thus,<jats:italic>lin-39<\/jats:italic> is essential for inhibition of EFF-1-dependent cell fusion and stimulation of cell proliferation during vulva formation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Supplemental material is available at <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.genesdev.org\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.genesdev.org<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.251202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,26]],"date-time":"2002-12-26T17:44:06Z","timestamp":1040924646000},"page":"3136-3141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["LIN-39\/Hox triggers cell division and represses EFF-1\/fusogen-dependent vulval cell fusion"],"prefix":"10.1101","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Gidi","family":"Shemer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Podbilewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"246","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111508115810000_16.24.3136.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.128.10.1793","article-title":"REF-1, a protein with two bHLH domains, alters the pattern of cell fusion in C. elegans by regulating Hox protein activity.","volume":"128","author":"Alper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021111508115810000_16.24.3136.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3335","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.14.3335","article-title":"The zinc finger protein REF-2 functions with the Hox genes to inhibit cell fusion in the ventral epidermis of C. 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