{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:41:23Z","timestamp":1791348083410,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Dev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe here a new gene acting downstream of let-60 ras in the vulval signaling pathway of Caenorhabditis elegans. The sur-2 (suppressor of ras) gene is defined by eight mutations identified in a genetic screen for suppressors of the Multivulva phenotype of let-60(n1046), an activated let-60 ras mutation. sur-2 mutations result in pleiotropic, incompletely penetrant phenotypes that include a Vulvaless phenotype in hermaphrodites, defects in development of the male tail, gonadal abnormalities, and larval lethality, indicating a role for the sur-2 gene product in multiple developmental events. Genetic epistasis analyses suggest that sur-2 is required late in the vulval signaling pathway, downstream of let-60 Ras, and is likely to act downstream of the Raf\/MAP Kinase cascade. We cloned the sur-2 gene by DNA-mediated transformation and have shown that it encodes a novel protein. We also show that a sur-2::lacZ transgene is expressed in the vulval precursor cells at the time of vulval determination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.18.2251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,5]],"date-time":"2007-06-05T21:15:46Z","timestamp":1181078146000},"page":"2251-2265","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["sur-2, a novel gene, functions late in the let-60 ras-mediated signaling pathway during Caenorhabditis elegans vulval 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