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Here, we used electrophysiological techniques to describe dopamine D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>-receptor-mediated facilitation in striatonigral synapses in the context of its interaction with glutamatergic inputs, probably coming from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) (indirect pathway) and describe a striatonigral cannabinoid-dependent long-term synaptic depression (LTD). It is shown that striatonigral afferents exhibit D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>-receptor-mediated facilitation of synaptic transmission when NMDA receptors are inactive, a phenomenon that changes to cannabinoid-dependent LTD when NMDA receptors are active. This interaction makes SNr neurons become coincidence-detector switching ports: When inactive, NMDA receptors lead to a dopamine-dependent enhancement of direct pathway output, theoretically facilitating movement. When active, NMDA receptors result in LTD of the same synapses, thus decreasing movement. We propose that SNr neurons, working as logical gates, tune the motor system to establish a balance between both BG pathways, enabling the system to choose appropriate synergies for movement learning and postural support.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.023432.111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,19]],"date-time":"2011-11-19T06:48:50Z","timestamp":1321685330000},"page":"764-773","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Bidirectional plasticity in striatonigral synapses: A switch to balance direct and indirect basal ganglia pathways"],"prefix":"10.1101","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jose J.","family":"Aceves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel 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