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Using transgenic mice conditionally expressing a dominant-negative CREB (CREBS133A: mCREB) mutant, we found that inhibiting CREB function does not alter spine density, spine morphology, and levels of polymerized actin in naive CA1 neurons. CREB inhibition, however, impaired contextual fear conditioning and produced a learning-induced collapse of spines associated with a blockade of learning-dependent increase in actin polymerization. Blocking mCREB expression with doxycycline rescued memory and restored a normal pattern of learning-induced spines, demonstrating that CREB controls structural adaptations of neurons selectively involved in memory formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.025817.112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,20]],"date-time":"2012-07-20T09:28:55Z","timestamp":1342776535000},"page":"330-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["CREB selectively controls learning-induced structural remodeling of 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