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Sleep phases were characterized by two distinct patterns of antennal activities: symmetrical activity, more prominent during the dark phase; and asymmetrical activity, more common during the light phase. Sleep-deprived bees showed rebound the following day, confirming effective deprivation of sleep. After appetitive conditioning of the bees to various olfactory stimuli, we observed their sleep. Bees conditioned to odor with sugar reward showed lesser sleep compared with bees that were exposed to either reward alone or air alone. Next, we asked whether sleep deprivation affects memory consolidation. While sleep deprivation had no effect on retention scores after odor acquisition, retention for extinction learning was significantly reduced, indicating that consolidation of extinction memory but not acquisition memory was affected by sleep deprivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.1578409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,29]],"date-time":"2009-10-29T01:23:50Z","timestamp":1256779430000},"page":"698-705","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Sleep deprivation affects extinction but not acquisition memory in honeybees"],"prefix":"10.1101","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Syed 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