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One day after fear conditioning mice\nwith three pairings of a white noise conditional stimulus (CS) with moderate\nfootshock, we injected the D2 antagonist, sulpiride, the D2 agonist,\nquinpirole, or vehicle, just before repeated CS presentations to generate\nextinction. We assayed fear by measuring behavioral freezing during extinction\npresentations and then drug-free during CS presentations 1 d later. We found\nthat sulpiride injections before extinction training facilitated extinction\nmemory 24 h later, while quinpirole partially blocked extinction memory\ncompared with vehicle-injected controls. Notably, sulpiride treatment yielded\nsignificant extinction after spaced CS presentations, which yield no\nextinction at all in vehicle-treated mice. These findings suggest that\ndopamine D2-mediated signaling contributes physiological inhibition of\nextinction, and that D2 antagonists may be useful adjuncts to behavior therapy\nof human anxiety disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.96605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,2]],"date-time":"2005-08-02T19:56:52Z","timestamp":1123012612000},"page":"399-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Systemic blockade of D2-like dopamine receptors facilitates extinction of conditioned fear in mice"],"prefix":"10.1101","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ravikumar","family":"Ponnusamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen A.","family":"Nissim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Barad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"246","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111106250909000_12.4.399.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(73)80065-X"},{"key":"2021111106250909000_12.4.399.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.9.5280"},{"key":"2021111106250909000_12.4.399.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.110.3.618"},{"key":"2021111106250909000_12.4.399.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0097-7403.25.2.177"},{"key":"2021111106250909000_12.4.399.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(88)90118-0"},{"key":"2021111106250909000_12.4.399.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(82)90434-8","volume":"16","year":"1982","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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