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Many autophagy genes identified in yeasts and mammals have orthologs in the nematode<jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans.<\/jats:italic>In recent years, gene inactivation by RNA interference (RNAi) and chromosomal mutations has been useful to probe the functions of autophagy in<jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>, and a role for autophagy has been shown to contribute to multiple processes, such as the adaptation to stress, longevity, cell death, cell growth control, clearance of aggregation-prone proteins, degradation of P granules during embryogenesis, and apoptotic cell clearance. Here, we discuss some of these roles and describe methods that can be used to study autophagy in<jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>. 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