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TDCS caused widespread modulation of network activity depending on brain state (\u2018rest\u2019 or choice reaction time task) and polarity (anodal or cathodal). During task, TDCS increased salience network activation and default mode network deactivation, but had the opposite effect during \u2018rest\u2019. Furthermore, there was an interaction between brain state and TDCS polarity, with cathodal effects more pronounced during task performance and anodal effects more pronounced during \u2018rest\u2019. Overall, we show that rIFG TDCS produces brain state and polarity dependent effects within large-scale cognitive networks, in a manner that goes beyond predictions from the current literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/179556","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T01:10:15Z","timestamp":1503450615000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brain state and polarity dependent modulation of brain networks by transcranial direct current stimulation"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Lucia M.","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ines R.","family":"Violante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rob","family":"Leech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ewan","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Hampshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Opitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Rothwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Carmichael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Sharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2019071700240126000_179556v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coffman BA , Clark VP , Parasuraman R. 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