{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T06:34:25Z","timestamp":1768545265024,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]]},"group-title":"Pediatrics","reference-count":59,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Early infancy and childhood are critical periods in the establishment of lifelong weight trajectories. Parents and early family environment have a strong effect on children\u2019s health behaviors that track into adolescence, influencing lifelong risk of obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We aimed to identify developmental trajectories of body mass index (BMI) from early childhood to adolescence and to assess their early individual and family predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a secondary analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study and included 17,166 children. Weight trajectories were estimated using growth mixture modeling based on age- and gender-specific BMI Z-scores, followed by a bias-adjusted regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found four BMI trajectories: Weight Loss (69%), Early Weight Gain (24%), Early Obesity (3.7%), and Late Weight Gain (3.3%). Weight trajectories were mainly settled by early adolescence. Lack of sleep and eating routines, low emotional self-regulation, child-parent conflict, and low child-parent closeness in early childhood were significantly associated with unhealthy weight trajectories, alongside poverty, low maternal education, maternal obesity, and prematurity.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Unhealthy BMI trajectories were defined in early and middle-childhood, and disproportionally affected children from disadvantaged families. This study further points out that household routines, self-regulation, and child-parent relationships are possible areas for family-based obesity prevention interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.26.20027409","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T17:49:22Z","timestamp":1582825762000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Early individual and family predictors of weight trajectories from early childhood to adolescence: results from the Millennium Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3423-2462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constan\u00e7a Soares","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6059-2528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Picoito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4562-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7374-6258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Loureiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.1"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29786"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.3","first-page":"179","article-title":"Physical fitness and psychological health in overweight\/obese children: A cross-sectional study from the ActiveBrains project","volume":"21","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142715"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2010.06.019"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1292"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0959"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0114"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(05)70347-3"},{"key":"2020110910050854000_2020.02.26.20027409v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2013.08.015","article-title":"Parenting styles, feeding styles, and their influence on child obesogenic behaviors and body weight","volume":"71","year":"2013","journal-title":"A review. 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